^ 

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IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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1.1 


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1.25 


2.0 


1*0 


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Fhotographic 

Sdmces 

CarparaUon 


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S3  WIST  MAIN  STRHT 

WniTm,N.Y.  14SM 

(7U)t7a^S03 


4^ 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Instituta  for  Historical  IViicroraproductiona  /  inatitut  Canadian  da  microraproductiona  hiatoriquaa 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notaa/Notas  tachniquaa  at  bibliographiquc 


Tha  Inatltuta  haa  attamptad  to  obtain  tha  baat 
original  copy  avaiiabia  for  filming.  Faaturaa  of  thia 
copy  which  may  ba  bibilographicaily  unlqua, 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  imagaa  in  tha 
raproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  changa 
tha  uaual  mathod  of  filming,  are  chackad  balow. 


D 


D 
0 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couvarture  da  couleur 


I     I   Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagte 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurAe  et/ou  peliicuite 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  mctnque 

Coloured  maps/ 

Cartas  gAographiquae  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

Coloured  platea  and/or  iiluatrationa/ 
Planchee  et/ou  iiluatrationa  en  couleur 


D 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
RalM  avac  d'autraa  documanta 

Tight  binding  may  cauae  shadowa  or  diatortlon 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serrte  peut  cauaar  da  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
diatortlon  le  long  de  la  marge  IntArieure 

Blank  leavaa  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  tha  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pagaa  blanches  aJoutAea 
lore  d'una  reatauration  apparaiasant  dans  la  taxte, 
mala,  lorsqua  cela  4talt  poaaible,  cea  pagaa  n'ont 
paa  4M  f  ilmiea. 

Additional  commanta:/ 
Commantairea  auppiimantalraa: 


L'Inatltut  a  microfilm*  le  meilleur  exempiaira 
qu'll  lui  a  *tA  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exempiaira  qui  sont  paut-Atre  unlquaa  du 
point  de  vue  bibliogrephique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m4thode  normale  de  fllmage 
aont  indiqute  ci-daasous. 


□  Coloured  pagea/ 
Pagaa  da  couleur 


D 
D 
0 
D 


D 


Pagaa  damaged/ 
Pagaa  endommagtoa 

Pagaa  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pagaa  raataunlea  at/uu  pellicuMea 

Pagaa  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pagaa  dteolortea,  tachattes  ou  piqutea 

Pagee  detached/ 
Pagaa  d^tachAae 

Showthrough/ 
Tranaparance 


I     I    Quality  of  print  varlee/ 


Quality  InAgala  de  I'impreaaton 

includee  supplementary  matarli 
Comprend  du  matMel  auppMmentaira 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  MItlon  diaponibia 


I     I   Includee  supplementary  material/ 
I — I   Only  edition  available/ 


Pagaa  wholly  or  partially  obaeurad  by  errata 
slips,  tissuee,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  beat  poaaible  image/ 
Les  pagaa  totalement  ou  partleilement 
obscureies  par  un  faulllet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  4t4  film^ee  i  nouveau  de  fapon  A 
obtenir  la  meiileure  Image  poealbia. 


Th( 
to 


Th( 
poi 
of 
fllri 


Orl 
bei 
th« 
sio 

otr 

fin 
sio 
or 


Th( 
shi 

Tir 

wh 

Ma 
difl 
ent 
be( 
rigl 
req 
me 


Thia  item  la  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  cheeked  below/ 

Ce  document  eat  film*  au  taux  de  riduetlon  indiquA  cl-deaaoua. 


10X 


14X 


18X 


22X 


12X 


El 


16X 


aox 


26X 


aox 


24X 


2tX 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  hero  he*  been  reproduced  thenks 
to  the  generoeity  of: 

Netionel  Librery  of  Cenede 


L'exempleire  film*  fut  reproduit  grflce  A  le 
gAniroeM  de: 

BibliothAque  nationele  du  Canada 


The  imagee  appeering  here  are  the  beet  quelity 
poeeible  coneidering  the  condition  and  iegibiiity 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  Iceeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specif icationa. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covere  ere  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  bacic  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  ere  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  lest  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustreted  impression. 


Lee  images  suivantes  ont  4tA  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  le  condition  et 
de  la  nettet*  de  l'exempleire  filmA,  et  en 
confurmitA  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmfge. 

Lee  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimito  sont  filmte  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
derniire  pege  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmte  en  commenpant  par  la 
premlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  darnidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  freme  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  --^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  y  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  dee  symboles  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
dernlAre  imege  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  — »>  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  ▼  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  mey  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  ere  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diegrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  pisnches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmte  A  dee  taux  de  rMuction  diff Arents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichA,  11  est  film*  A  partir 
de  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bee.  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'imeges  nteessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mithode. 


1  2  3 


32X 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

, 


Till 


■'IS 


THE 


' 


TOURIST, 


OR 


POCKET   MANUAL 


FOR 


TRAVELLERS 


oir 


THE  HUDSON  RIVER,  THE  WESTERN  CANAL,  AND 
STAGE  ROAD,  TO  NIAGARA  FALLS. 


COMPRISING    ALSO 


THE  ROUTES  TO  LEBANON,  BALLSTON,  AND 
SARATOGA  SPRINGS. 


SECOND  EDITION,  ENLARGED  AND  IMPROVED, 


NEW-YORK : 

PRINTED  BY  LUDWIG  &  TOLEFREE, 

No.  72,  Vesey-street. 

1831. 


m 


SOUTHERN  DISTRICT  OP  NEW-YORK,  f#. 

BE  IT  REMEMBERED,  That  on  the  16th  day  of  May,  A.D. 
1831,  ROBERT  J.  VANDEWATER,  of  the  said  District, 
hath  deposited  in  this  office  the  title  of  a  book,  the  title  of  which  is 
in  the  words  followng,  to  wit : 

**  The  Tourist,  or  Pocket  Manual  for  Travellers  on  the  Hudson 
River,  the  Western  Canal,  and  Stage  Road,  to  Niagara  Falls, 
comprising  also,  the  Routes  to  Lebanon,  Ballston,  and  Saratoga 
Springs.    Second  edition,  enlarged  and  improved.*' 

The  rigbt  whereof  he  claims  as  proprietor,  in  conformity  with  an 
Act  of  Congress,  entitled  '*  An  Act  to  amend  the  Severn  1  Acts  re- 
■peeting  copy>rights." 

FREDERICK  J.  BETTS, 
Clerk  of  iht  Sotahem  Diitriet  of  rfev-Tork. 


•^ww- 


'WW 


PREFACE, 


In  presenting  the  second  edition  of  the  Tourist  to 
the  public,  the  publisher  offers  his  acknowledgments 
for  the  very  liberal  patronage  received  by  the  first; 
and  hopes  the  emendations,  and  numerous  additions 
will  meet  with  general  approbation. 

It  is  believed  that  all  the  information  required 
by  tourists  through  this  state,  will  be  found  in  the 
pages  of  this  work,  divested  of  unnecessary  details^ 
and  clearly  arranged  and  classified. 

Some  of  the  items,  especially  in  relation  to  this 
city,  the  steam-boat  navigation,  and  the  canal  and 
stage  routes,  are  probably  more  full  and  accurate 
than  have  been  contained  in  any  of  the  itineraries 
already  published;  while  in  the  enumeration  of 
mteresting  points  on  the  Hudson  and  elsewhere, 
brevity  has  been  observed,  from  a  desire,  as  much 
as  possible,  to  compress  the  work,  so  as  to  render 
it  emphatically  the  pocket  companion  of  the  tra- 
veller, and  its  price  proportionably  moderate. 


AI^lflANAC 

1631. 

Being,  after  the  4th  of  July,  tho  5Gth  of  American  Independence. 

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16 

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23 

24 

25 

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24 

25 

26 

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28 

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n          Feb 1 

1 

2 

3 

4 

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August 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

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13 

13 

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2.3 

24 

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23 
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24 
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March. 

1 

2 

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Sept.... 

1 

2 

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6 

7 

8 

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11 

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23 

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31 

25 

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28 

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Ap^il.. 

1 

2 

Oct 

1 

1 

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4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

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6 

7 

8 

10 

11 

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13 

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23 

24 

25 

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1 

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May 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Nov 

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3 

4 

5 

M-  . 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

6 

7 

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9 

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15 

16 

17 

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19 

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22 

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24 

25 

26 

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28 

20 

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22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

29 

30,31 

27 

28 

29 

30 

June.... 

1 

2 

3 

4 

Dec 

1 

2 

3 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

11 

12 

13 

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'^M' 


REFERENCES. 

*  Places  at  which  the  regular  steamboats,  run- 
ning between  New-York  and  Albany,  land. 

E.  S.    East  side  of  the  river. 

W.  S.    West  side  of  the  river. 

Distances  on  the  river  will  be  ascertained  by 
referring  to  the  map  of  the  Hudson  which  is  con- 
nected with  this  work. 

Distances  on  the  can?,  will  be  seen  by  referring 
to  the  table  at  page  41.  ::      ^ 


1* 


-* 


.'S  V 


STEAM-BOATS  FROM  NEW-YORK. 


For 


m^ 


NORTH  RIVER  LINE. 

From  the  foot  of  Barclay-street. 

North  America Capt.  James  Benson 

Albany J.  G.  Jenkins 

Leave  New- York  and  Albany,  alternately,  every 
day  (except  Monday)  at  7  o'clock,  a.  m. 
New  Philadelphia      .    .    .    Capt.  G.  E.  Seymour 
Dewitt  Clinton Sherman 

Leave  New-York  alternately,  every  day,  except 
Sunday,  at  5  o'clock,  p.  m.,  and  Albany,  alternately, 
every  day,  except  Sunday,  at  4  o'clock,  p.  m. 

'       HUDSON  RIVER  LINE. 

From  the  foot  of  Cortlandt- street. 

Ohio      .......    Capt.  M.  Bartholomew 

Constitution A.  Hoyt 

Constellation R.  G.  Cruttenden 

Leave  New- York  alternately  everj'^  day  (except 
Sunday)  at  5  o'clock,  p.  m.  On  Sundays,  at  10 
o'clock,  A.  M.  Leave  Albany  every  day,  at  4 
o'clock,  p.  M. 


UNION  LINE. 

For  Philadelphia^  fro7ii  the  Battery^  Pier  No.  1, 
"  North  River. 

Swan Capt.  De  Graw 

Leaves  every  day  (except  Sunday)  at  7  o'clock, 

A.  M.    Through  by  daylight,  via  New-Brunswick 

and  Trenton. 

Thistle T  .    .    Capt.  Diehl 

Leaves  every  day  (except  Sunday)  at  12  o'clock, 

noon.    Passengers  lodge  at  Trenton  and  arrive  in 

Philadelphia  early  next  morning. 


MTBAM-BOATS    I'ROM    NEW-YORK.  7 

CITIZENS'  LINE. 

For  Philadelphia^  from  the  foot  of  Morris-street^ 

North  River. 

New- York Cupt.  George  Jenkins 

Leaves  every  morning  (except  Sunday)  at  0 
o'clock.    Tliroiigh  by  daylight,  via  Bordentown. 

NEW-YORK  AND  BOSTON  LINE. 

President Capt.  R.  S.  Bunker 

Leaves  the  foot  of  Cortlandt-street,  Sundays, 
at  5  o'clock,  A.  M.,  and  Wednesday,  at  5  o'clock,  p.m. 
Benjamin  Franklin  ....    Capt.  E.  S.  Bunker 

Leaves  Mondays  and  Fridays,  at  5  o'clock,  p.  M. 
Chancellor  Livingston  .     .    Capt.  B.  W.  Comstock 

Leaves  the  foot  of  Beekman-street,  twice  each 
week.    The  above  boats  go  to  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  where  passengers  take  stages,  and  ride  40 
miles  to  Boston. 
Chief  Justice  Marshall     ....    Capt.  Davison 

Leaves  foot  of  Beekman-street,  on  Mondays  and 
Thursdays,  at  5  o'clock,  p.  M. 

NEW-HAVEN  LINE. 

From  the  foot  of  Maiden-lane, 

Superior Capt.  Sandford 

Leaves  every  day,  except  Sunday  and  Monday, 
at  6  o'clock,  A.  M. 

United  States Capt.  Beecher 

Leaves  on  Mondays,  Wednesdays  and  Fridays, 
at  12  o'clock,  noon. 

HARTFORD  LINE.         ^ 

Victory Capt.  Whiting 

Macdonough Havens 

Oliver  Ellsworth Waterman 

Leave  the  foot  of  Beekman-street,  East  River,  for  , 
Hartford^  daily,  (except  Sunday)  at  4  o'clock,  p.  m. 


A 


n 


8  Tiiii  TouaiHT. 

Newark Capt.  B.Tate 

Leaves  the  foot  of  Uarday-strect  every  day,  (ex- 
cept Sunday)  at  10  o'clock  a.  m.,  and  4  P.  m.,  for 
Newark,  New-Jersey. 

General  Jackson Capt.  Vanwart 

Leaves  the  foot  of  Warren-street  for  Tarrytown, 
Singsing,  and  Peekskill,  every  morning  at  8  o'clock, 
and  returns  in  the  afternoon. 

Orange Capt. 

Leaves  the  foot  of  Robinson-street  for  Nyack, 
every  day  (except  Sunday)  at  11  o'clock  a.  m.,  and 
leaves  there  returning,  at  4  o'clock,  p.m. 

Bolivar Capt.  O.  Vanderbilt 

Leaves  Wliitehall  dock,  daily,  at  8  and  11  a.  m., 
and  3,  5,  and  7  p.  m.,  for  the  Quarantine  ground, 
(Staten  Island),  and  returns  at  the  intermediate 
hours. 

Flushing Capt.  C.  Peck 

Leaves  Fulton-market  slip  every  Tuesday,  Thurs- 
day and  Saturday,  for  Sawpitts,  Stamford,  and  Nor- 
walk,  at  13  o'clock,  noon. 

Steam  Ferry-Boats. 

Leave  the  foot  of  Barclay-street  for  Hoboken 
every  16  minutes.  The  lawn,  groves,  and  walks, 
along  the  bank  of  the  river  at  Hoboken,  afford  a 
delightful  prospect,  and  are  visited  by  immense 
numbers. 

BOATS  leave  the  foot  of  Cortlandt-street  for 
Jersey  City  every  15  minutes. 

BOATS  leave  the  foot  of  Fulton-street,  East 
River,  for  Brooklyn,  every  10  minutes. 

There  are  a  number  of  other  small  steam-boats 
which  ply  to  and  from  various  places. 


I'M 


Rates  of  Fare  in  Hackney  Coaches  in  New-  York. 

If  tlie  driver  and  stranger  disagree  as  to  distance, 
the  street  commissioner  will  decide. 

For  taking  a  person  any  distance  not  ex- 
ceeding one  mile ^0  25 

For  taking  one  person  any  distance  ex- 
ceeding a  mile,  and  within  the  lamp  and 
watch  districts 60 

For  every  additional  passenger     -    -    -         36 

For  can'ying  a  passenger  to  the  new  alms- 
house and  returning 76 

For  every  additional  passenger  and  re- 
turning         37| 

For  conveying  a  passenger  around  the 
first  or  Sandy  Hill  tour 1  00 

For  conveying  a  passenger  around  the 
second  or  Love  Lane  tour 200 

For  conveying  a  passenger  around  the 
third  or  Lake's  tour  --------      2  50 

For  conveying  one  or  more  passengers 
around  the  fourth  or  Apthorp's  tour,  with 
tlie  privilege  of  detaining  the  carriage  two 
hours      - ------      360 

For  conveying  one  or  more  passengers  to 
Harlajm  and  returning,  with  the  privilege 
of  detaining  the  carriage  two  hours      -    -      4  00 

For  conveying  one  or  more  passengers  ■ 
any  distance  not  herein  mentioned  or  de-      TI    " 
scribed  and  returning,  for  every  mile  which       "  ^ ' 
they  may  proceed  from  the  said  stands  re- 
spectively     -----          50 

Children  under  14  years  of  age  half  price. 

The  above  is  an  extract  from  the  Corporation 
Law8. 


j^ 


.^\ 


'% 


10 


THE   TOURIST. 


PRINCIPAL  HOTELS  IN  NEW-YORK. 

Location-  Keepers''  J\rames. 

City  Hotel No.  113  Broadway C.  Jennings. 

Atlantic  Hotel No.  5  Broadway M'NeilScymour 

Adel phi  Hotel Or  Boaver-st.  &  Broadway. 

Mansion  House No.  39  Broadway  .....  .W.  J.  Bunker. 

National  Hotel No.  112  Broadway O.W.Hawkins. 

Franklin  House Cr.  Dcy-st.  and  Broadway  .Newton  Hayes. 

American  Hotel Cr.BarcIsty-Bt.  &Broadway.Boardman. 

Washington  Hotel  .  .  .Cr.Chambcr-st.&Broadway.Jas.  Hamilton. 

Pearl  Street  House  .  .  .No.  88  Pearl-street C.  H.  Webb. 

ii.*.,i..r  at.»«»  iT«»^i        S  Steamboat  landing,  foot )  Harrison  and 
Barclay  Street  Hotel  .  .  j     ^f  Barclay-strcet  .  .  \  Benson. 

Clinton  Hotel Bcekman-street  * J.  M.  Bispham. 

Exchange  Hotel No.  8  &  10  Broad-street.  .  .Howard&Lyon 

Eastern  Pearl-St.Houso  Pearl-8trcet Haskell  &Perry 

Bank  Coffee  House  .  .  .Cr.WilliamandPine-streets  James  Doron. 
New -York  Hotel    .  .  .  .No.  162  Greenwich-street  .Dean. 
Walton  House No- 326  Pearl-street S.  Backus. 


-^■v, 


PRINCIPAL  HOTELS  IN  ALBANY. 

Location.  Keepers^  Names. 

Eagle  Tavern South  Market-street    ...  .J.  G.  Mather.    .. 

American  Hotel No.  100  State  street S.  H.  Drake. 

City  Hotel North  Market -street   .  .  .  .S.Chupin&Co. 

Mansion  House North  Market-street  .  .  .  .Bradstroct. 

Adelphi  Hotel Cr.  Market  nnd  Stotc-streets.N.  Rowley. 

Bement's  Hotel No.  82  State-street C.  N.  Bcmont. 

Park-Place  House  .  .  .Park-Place   .........  .Landon. 

National  &  Columbian  )  .r    t—Ko     .u**    i    ^    .      .  Wesup  nnd 
Hotel  i  No.5.)5SouthMarket.«treet.  j  Haywood. 

Fort  Orange  Hotel  .  .  .No.  549  South  Market-street.E.  Foot 
Montgomery  Hull .  .  . South  »Iurket  street.Chapin. 


, 


tt- 


11 


'  J^amts, 

nings. 

ISeymour 

Bunker. 

Hawkins. 

}n  Hayes. 

man. 

amilton. 

Webb. 

son  and 
n. 

Sispham. 

ird&Lyon 

ell  &Perry 

9  Doron. 

> 

cku8. 

Y. 

'«'  Names. 

Mather. 

Drake. 

ipin  &  Co. 

troet. 

owley. 

Bemont. 

on. 

up  and 
ywood. 

lOt 

in. 


ROUTE  FROM   PHILADELPHIA 
NEW-YORK. 


TO 


PASSAGE  UP  THE  DELAWARE. 

Steam-boats  leave  for  New- York,  one  line  at  6 
o'clock,  and  the  other  at  7  o'clock,  dail>.  except 
Sunday.  After  starting,  the  ship-house  in  the  Navy 
Yard  will  be  seen  opposite.  A  number  of  ship- 
yards, and  three  or  four  glass-houses  will  be  no- 
ticed; also  a  shot-tower,  and  a  number  of  tall 
spires  which  appear  conspicuous  among  the  great 
mass  of  buildings.  The  boat  moves  on  in  the  "  even 
tenor  of  her  way,"  and  the  traveller  soon  finds  him- 
self at 

Burlington,  18  miles  from  Philadelphia, 
which,  like  most  of  the  villages  along  the  Delaware, 
fills  a  very  interesting  page  in  the  history  of  the 
Revolution.  It  is  a  very  handsome  town,  beau- 
tifully located  on  an  inclined  plain,  and  many  of 
the  buildings  display  much  taste. 

Bristol,  nearly  opposite,  presents  to  view  a 
number  of  handsome  buildings,  with  extensive  and 
beautiful  gardens  attached.  After  proceeding  10 
miles  further,  the  boat  arrives  at 

BoRDENTOWN,  a  handsomc  village,  situated  on 
an  elevated  bank.  A  short  distance  north  of  this, 
will  be  seen  the  seat  of  the  ex-King  of  Spain. 
Joseph  Buonaparte,  who  now  styles  himself  the 
Count  de  Survilliers.  His  Observatory  can  be 
seen  from  the  river,  although  the  dwellinge  are  not 
in  sight.  When  the  water  is  low  in  the  river,  the 
boats  are  frequently  obliged  to  land  at  Bordentown, 
but  they  generally  proceed  on  to 

Trenton,  35  miles  from  Philadelphia.  This  is 
quite  a  large  and  populous  town,  and  appears  to  be 
in  a  flourishing  condition.  Hero  the  passengers 
take  stages  and  moAT  on  to 


f 


a 


12 


THE    TOURIST. 


ii 


I 

n 


V 


Princeton.  This  pretty  village  is  situate  on 
elevated  ground  and  affords  the  stranger  an  ex- 
tended view  of  the  surrounding  country.  Prince- 
ton College,  and  a  Theological  Seminary  are  located 
here.    Three  miles  further  and  you  arrive  at 

Kingston.  Here  the  stages  change  horses  and 
proceed  on  to 

New-Brunswick.  On  approaching  the  town 
it  has  a  handsome  appearance,  and  the  churches, 
theological  seminary,  &c.,  are  very  prominent. 


PASSAGE  DOWN  THE  RARITAN. 

The  boat  lies  at  the  wharf  in  readiness,  end  as 
soon  as  the  passengers  can  be  transferred  from  the 
stages,  she  gets  "under  weigh,"  and  proceeds 
through  very  picturesque  scenery,  13  miles,  to 
Perth-Amboy.  There  is  very  little  here  to  attract 
notice,  except  some  shipping  which  usually  lies  at 
the  wharves. 

South-Amboy  is  directly  opposite.  This  is  the 
terminating  point  of  the  Camden  and  Amhoy 
Rail  JRoadj  and  will  of  course,  be  the  head  of 
steam-boat  navigation  after  the  rail-road  goes  into 
operation,  which  will  probably  be  in  the  spring  of 
1832. 

Elizabethtown  Point,  15  miles  from  New- 
York.  The  village  is  two  miles  from  the  landing. 
The  boat  now  enters  New- York  Bay,  and  Fort  La 
Fayette  is  seen  between  Long  and  Staten  Island,  in 
the  passage  to  the  sea  called  the  Narrows.  On  the 
right  is  Governor's  Island  and  Castle  Williams,  on 
the  left  are  Ellis's  and  Bedlow's  Islands,  which 
are  both  fortified,  and  in  front  an  immense  deal  of 
shipping  lying  at  the  wharves,  with  an  extended 
back-ground  of  lofty  buildings,  among  which  the 
scattered  spires  of  churches  appear  very  conspi- 
cuous. 


iuate  on 
an  ex- 
Prince - 

B  located 

3  at 

rses  and 

he  town 
hurches, 
lent. 


end  as 

rom  the 

roceeds 

iles,  to 

o  attract 

ly  lies  at 

lis  is  the 

Amboy 

head  of 

joes  into 

3pring  of 

•m  New- 
landing. 
Fort  La 
sland,  in 
On  the 
iiams,  on 
3,  which 
e  deal  of 
extended 
hich  the 
r  conspi- 


13 


ROUTE  FROM  NEW-YORK  TO  ALBANY. 


PASSAGE  UP  THE  HUDSON. 

The  Hudson  River  was  first  discovered,  Septem- 
ber 4,  1609,  by  Henry  Hudson,  from  whom  it 
derives  its  name.  It  is  a  noble  river,  abounding 
with  scenery  of  the  most  sublime,  picturesque,  and 
romantic  character ;  not  surpassed,  for  variety  and 
grandeur,  by  any  in  the  world. 

At  the  time  appointed,  the  boat  moves  from  the 
wharf,  "  like  a  thing  of  life,"  and  the  stranger  finds 
himself  in  the  midst  of  a  varied  and  splendid  scene. 
On  the  right  he  has  New- York,  with  its  Battery, 
and  Castle  Garden;  on  the  left  Jersey  City  and 
Hoboken,  and  on  the  South  a  view  of  the  Narrows 
leading  to  Sandy  Hook,  and  a  far  view  of  the  At- 
lantic Ocean,  22  miles  from  the  City.  Directly 
opposite  the  Battery  is  seen  Governor's  Island,  on 
which  is  situated  Castle  Williams.  The  Quarantine 
ground  at  Staten  Island  is  also  seen  in  a  southerly 
direction,  and  its  white  buildings  form  a  striking 
object  in  looking  down  the  bay.  As  the  boat  pro- 
ceeds, on  the  right  are  seen  the  Red  Fort,  the  old 
State  Prison  (which  is  no  longer  occupied,  as  the 
prisoners  have  been  removed  to  the  new  prison  at 
Singsing),  Fort  Gansevoort,  and  the  Episcopat" 
Theological  Seminary,  built  of  grey  hewn  stone. 
On  the  left,  the  shady  walks  of  Hoboken,  and 
Col.  Stevens's  mansion  on  the  promontory  called 
"Hoboken  Point,"  arrest  the  attention.  A  short 
distance  above,  the  hills  of  Weehawken  are  seen. 
Weehawken,  the  romantic  beauties  of  which  have 
inspired  the  sprightly  muse  of  Halleck,  is  the  cele- 
brated duelling  ground,  and  the  spot  wliere  the  fatal 
duel  between  Col.  Aaron  Burr  and  Gen.  Hamilton 


A 


14 


THE    TOURIST, 


m 


was  fought,  1804.  It  is  three  miles  from  the  city, 
and  its  retired  walks  and  convenient  solitude  have 
created  its  notoriety  as  the  place  where  "  affairs  of 
honour"  are  generally  settled.  A  neat  marble  monu- 
ment was  here  erected  to  the  memory  of  Hamil- 
ton J  but  it  has  been  removed  within  a  few  years, 
his  remains  having  been  interred  in  Trinity  Church- 
yard, beneath  a  fine  monument,  enclosed  in  an  iron 
railing. 

T/w  Palisadoes  commence  at  Weehawken,  and 
extend  about  20  miles  up  the  western  side  of  the 
river.  These  are  a  range  of  trap  rock,  (the  altitudes 
of  which  are  from  20  to  550  feet),  which  form  al- 
most one  impassable  barrier,  presenting  nearly  a 
perpendicular  surface. 

The  Lunatic  Asylum^  (E.  S.)  7  miles  from  the 
city,  is  built  of  hewn  freestone.  The  situation  is 
beautiful  and  commanding. 

Harlaem.  (E.  S.)  a  small  village  containing  a 
church,  three  stores,  a  blacksmith's  shop,  &c.  The 
ridge  of  highland  which  extends  across  the  island  is 
called  Harlaem  heights^  on  which,  during  the  re- 
volution, a  line  of  fortifications  was  thrown  up  quite 
across  to  the  East  River. 

Fort  Lee,  (W.  S.)  on  the  brow  of  the  Palisadoes, 
300  feet  above  the  level  of  the  water — this  Fort  was 
evacuated  in  1776. 
,  Fort  Washington.  (E.  S.)  The  ruins  of  this 
\  fortress  are  on  the  summit  of  a  high  hill  12  miles 
from  the  city.  This  Fort  was  surrendered  by  the 
Americans  to  the  Hessians  in  1776,  together  with 
2,600  men. 

Spuyt&a  Duyvel  Creek,  (E.  S.)  13  miles  from 
the  city.  This  creek  derived  its  name  from  the 
following  circumstance.  When  New-Amsterdam 
(now  New- York),  was  in  possession  of  the  Dutch, 
Peter  Stuyvesant,  then  governor,  sent  Antony  Van 
Corlacr,  his  right-hand  man  and  sounder  of  brass 


i\.- 


e  city. 
e  have 
airs  of 
monu- 
Hamil- 
years, 
hurch- 
in  iron 

3n,  and 
of  the 
ititudes 
Drm  al- 
early  a 

om  the 
ition  is 

lining  a 
c.  The 
sland  is 
the  re- 
ip  quite 

isadoes, 
'ort  was 

of  this 
2  miles 

by  the 
ler  with 

es  from 
•om  the 
sterdam 
Dutch, 
my  Van 
)f  brass 


PASSAGE    UP    THE    HUDSON. 


15 


alias,  trumpeter,  on  an  important  message  up  the 
river.  On  his  arrival  at  this  creek,  having  no  means 
of  passing  it,  he  paused  in  much  perplexity :  but  his 
zeal  to  accomplish  the  mission  was  not  to  be  over- 
come by  the  want  of  a  boat,  so  he  very  heroically 
threw  off  his  coat  and  made  a  vow  he  would  cross 
it  "  spuyten  duy vel."  "  It  was  a  dark  and  stormy 
night  when  the  good  Antony  arrived  at  the  famous 
creek,  (sagely  denominated  Harlaem  River)  which 
separates  the  island  of  Manahatta  from  the  main  land. 
The  wind  was  high,  the  elements  were  in  an  up- 
roar, and  no  Charon  could  be  found  to  ferry  the 
adventurous  sounder  of  brass  across  the  water. 
For  a  short  time  he  vapoured  like  an  impatient 
ghost  upon  the  brink,  and  then,  bethinking  himself 
of  the  urgency  of  his  errand,  took  a  hearty  embrace 
of  his  stone  bottle,  swore  most  valorously  that  he 
would  swim  across  en  spijt  en  Dnyvel  (in  spite  of 
the  Devil !)  and  daringly  plunged  "into  the  stream. 
Luckless  Antony !  Scarce  had  he  buffetted  half  way 
over,  when  he  was  observed  to  struggle  violently, 
as  if  battling  with  the  spirit  of  the  waters — instinc- 
tively he  put  his  trumpet  to  his  mouth,  and  giving 
a  vehement  blast — sunk  for  ever  to  the  bottom ! 

Knickerbocker^  p.  232. 

Philipsburgh,  (E.  S.)  17  miles  from  the  city, 
contains  a  church  and  several  houses. 

Fort  Independence.  (E.  S.)  Directly  opposite 
this  fort  the  Palisadoes  are  of  greater  height  than 
at  any  other  point. 

DoBBs'  Ferry,  (E.  S.)  22^  miles  from  the  city. 

Tarrytown,  (E.  S.)  Major  Andre  was  cap- 
tured* at  this  place  when  returning  from  his  visit  to 
Gen.  Arnold,  and  on  his  way  to  the  British  lines, 

♦  David  Williams,  oae  of  the  captors,  still  survives,  and  re- 
sides in  Schohorie,  26  miles  distant  from  Albany.  He  enjoys 
good  health,  and  takes  great  pleasure  in  recvirring  to  past 
events,  and  "  fighting  all  his  battles  o'er  again." 

2 


10 


THB    TOUttlST. 


Kit 


September  23, 1780.  The  tree  under  which  he  was 
taken  was  struck  by  lightning  in  1801.  It  was 
uncommonly  large,  being  26  feet  in  circumference 
and  111  high. 

Tappan.  (W.  S.)  Andre  was  executed  about  a 
mile  from  this  village.  The  spot  where  he  was 
buried  is  still  pointed  out  and  frequently  visited, 
although  his  remains  were  disinterred  a  few  years 
since,  and  taken  to  England. 

Nyack,  a  small  village  a  little  north  of  Tappan. 

Haverstraw,  (W.  S.)  a  short  distance  above 
Nyack. 

SiNGsiNG,  (E.  S.)  33  miles  from  the  city.  The 
new  State  Prison  is  located  on  the  bank  of  the 
river  at  this  place.  It  was  commenced  in  1825,  and 
has  been  tenanted  nearly  three  years.  Its  dimensions 
are  44  by  480  feet:  it  has  a  double  row  of  cells, 
built  back  to  back,  four  tiers  higli,  and  200  in  each 
tier ;  making  in  all  800  cells.  It  is  built  of  hewn 
marble,  quarried  on  the  premises.  The  whole  work 
was  performed  by  the  convicts.  They  are  now 
building,  and  have  nearly  finished,  two  extensive 
wings,  which  extend  from  the  main  building  to  the 
wharf.  The  discipline  is  that  of  the  Auburn  prison, 
probably  the  best  now  in  use. 

Sleepy  Hollow,  (E.  S.)  a  little  above  Singsing. 
This  is  the  place  where  Washington  Irving  locates 
th^  scene  of  his  tale  of  the  same  name,  in  the  Sketch 
Book. 

Grassy  Point,  (W.  S.)  one  mile  south  of  Stony 
Point.  There  is  a  fine  mansion  here  belonging  to 
Mr,  Piatt,  of  New- York. 

Stony  Point,  C^.  S.)  40  miles  from  New- York, 
is  a  bold,  rough  pr<lBiontory,  with  a  light-house  on 
its  summit.  It  was  fortified  dicing  the  American 
war  and  taken  from  Gen.  Waynlfr  ijy  the  JBritish  in 
1778:  but  retaken  the  same  year.  "*'  V 

Verplank's  Point,  (E.  S.)  opposite,  was  also 


PASSAGE    UP    THE    HUDSON. 


17 


the  site  of  a  Fort.  There  is  a  splendid  mansion, 
lawn,,  arbour,  &c.  situated  upon  it,  and  occupied  by 
Mr.  Philip  Verplank. 

*Caldwell's,  (W.  S.)  44  miles  from  New- York. 
This  is  the  first  landing  of  the  steam-boats.  Here 
the  Highlands  commence. 

Peekskill  Village  is  directly  opposite  Cald- 
well's.* 

Antoni/s  Nose.  (E.  S.)  The  mountain  of  this 
name  is  not,  as  is  generally  supposed,  the  one  that 
exhibits  a  resemblance  of  the  profile  of  a  human  face. 
It  is  directly  opposite  Fort  Montgomery  creek. 
Its  elevation  is  1228  feet  from  the  level  of  the  river, 
and  its  name  is  derived  according  to  Irving,  from 
the  nose  of  Antony  Van  Corlaer.  The  christening 
of  the  mount  is  described  in  the  story  of  the  Dutch 
Governor's  first  voyage  up  the  Hudson,  as  follows : 
"  Just  at  this  moment  the  illustrious  sun,  breaking 
in  all  his  splendour  from  behind  one  of  the  high 
cliffs  of  the  Highlands,  did  dart  one  of  his  most 
potent  beams  full  upon  the  refulgent  nose  of  the 
sounder  of  brass.  The  reflection  of  which  shot 
straightway  down,  hissing  hot  into  the  water, 
and  killed  a  mighty  sturgeon  that  was  sporting 
beside  the  vessel !  When  this  astonishing  miracle 
came  to  be  made  known  to  Peter  Stuyvesant,  (the 
Governor,)  he,  as  may  well  be  supposed,  marvelled 
exceedingly ;  and  as  a  monument  thereof,  gave  tl^' 
name  of  Antom/s  Nose  to  a  stout  promontoFjF-fh 
the  neighbourhood,  and  it  has  continued  to  be  call- 
ed Antony's  Nose  ever  since." 

After  proceeding  about  2  miles  farther,  an  exten- 
sive range  of  mills  are  seen  on  the  west  side  of  the 
river.  These  are  supplied  by  a,  stream,  called  But- 
termilk  Falls.    This  is  a  beautiful  little  cascade 


*  Enoch  Crosby,  the  origins 
the  novel  of  the  "  Spy,"  is 


m 

Peekskill. 


inal  of  Cooper's  "Harvey  Birch," 
now  living,  and  resides  near 


r 


18 


THE    TOURIST. 


which  comes  foaming  and  tumbling  down  the 
rocks,  and  has  a  milk-white  appearance.  The  mills 
are  the  property  of  Mr.  Lydig.  Richard  Arden's 
mansion  is  seen  directly  opposite  Buttermilk  Falls. 
This  gentleman  has  an  immense  tract  at  this  place, 
on  which  is  situate  the  "Beverly  House,"*  a  quar- 

*  During  the  Revolution,  this  house  'vas  the  property  of 
Charles  Beverly  Robinson,    (a  colonel  in  the  British  army, 
though  an  American  by  birth,)  but  in  possession  of  the  Ameri- 
cans and  the  quarters  of  General  Benedict  Arnold,  who  infa- 
mously attempted  to  betray  his  country  to  her  enemies  in  the 
year  1780.    His  plot  was  dliscovered  in  time  to  avert  the  fatal 
blow,  but  not  to  secure  the  traitor.     Col.  Beverly  and  Major 
Andre  were  sent,  by  Sir  Henry  Clinton,  the  British  commander, 
on  board  the  sloop  of  war  Vulture,  at  New- York,  with  orders 
to  proceed  up  the  river  and  have  an  interview  with  Arnold. 
They  anchored  opposite  Fort  Montgomery.     Andre  went  to 
Beverly  House,  saw  the  traitor,  and  received  the  draughts  of 
all  the  works  at  West  Point  and  the  passes  leading  to  them. 
Previous  to  this  time,  Arnold  had  never  entrusted  a  paper  out 
of  his  hands  which  might  expose  him  to  detection  ;  but  be  now 
saw  no  danger  in  confiding  these  to  Andre,  who  was  to  re-em- 
bark directly  on  board  the  sloop  and  make  sail  for  New- York. 
Andre  returned  alone  to  the  beach,  whence  a  boat  was  to  convey 
him  to  the  Vulture ;  bnt  this  arrangement  was  defeated  by 
an  obstacle  wholly  unexpected, — the  sloop   having  weighed 
anchor  and  moved  down  to  Teller's  Point,  which  divides  Tap- 
pan  and  Haverstraw  Bays.     This  movement  having  excited 
the  suspicions  of  the  rowers  of  the  boat  in  which  Andre  was  to 
i    return,  caused  them  peremptorily  to  refuse  taking  him  on  board, 
•finding  all  entreaties  vain,  he  returned  to  Arnold  and  con- 
^ted  him  on  the  propriety  of  urging  the  men  to  proceed. 
iviacdkl  advised  him  to  assume  a  disguise  and  return  by  land  ; 
and  wiaihed  to  withdraw  the  pa])ers  entrusted  to  him,  thinking 
it  hazardous  to  send  them  by  land.    To  this,  however,  Andre 
refused  to  accede,  as  he  was  desirous  of  showing  Clinton  with 
what  punctuality  he  had  executed  his  mission.     He  disguised 
himself  in  a  dress  piovjdedby  a  man  named  Joshua  Smith,  and, 
after  secreting  the  lettflfrs  in  his  boots,  proceeded  on  his  journey 
accompanied  by  Smith  ;  each  had  a  passport  from  Arnold  "  to 
go  to  the  lines  of  White  Plains,  or  l<wver  if  the  bearer  thinks 
proper  ;  he  being  on  public  business."   When  they  arrived  in 
sight  of  the  groimd  occupied  by  the  English,  Smith,  seeing  no 
one,  said,  "  You   are  safe  ;   good  bye,"  and  returned  at  full 
speed.    Andre  proceeded  ancT  was  about  entering  the  village 


PASSAGE  UP  TUB  HUDSON. 


19 


ter  of  a  mile  south  of  his  dwelUng, — not  in  eight 
from  the  river.  Three  miles  above,  the  location  of 
the  celebrated  United  States''  Military  School 
comes  in  view. 

*  West  Point.  (  W.  S.)  WestPoint  is  celebrat- 
ed as  the  theatre  of  several  important  events  dur- 
ing the  revolutionary  struggle,  the  remembrance 
of  which  will  cause  every  feeling  heart  to  glow  with 
patriotism.  The  Military  Academy,  under  the  su- 
perintendence of  Col.  Tijayer,  is  alike  creditable  to 
him  and  honourable  to  our  country.  The  cadets 
parade  every  evening,  at  6  o'clock,  wliich  exhibition, 
together  with  the  "  eloquent  music"  discoursed  by 
the  hand^  is  calculated  to  excite  the  admiration  of 
every  visitor.  On  approaching  the  point,  the  first 
building  noticed  is  the  Hospital^  which  is  a  fine 
stone  edifice,  with  a  piazza  in  front,  and  an  extensive 
wing  at  each  end.  The  next  objects  worthy  of  at- 
tention are  the  ruins  of  the  venerable  Fort  Put- 
nam^ which  occupy  a  majestic  and  commanding 
situation.  Near  the  river  is  a  kind  of  niche  in  the 
cliff,  accommodated  with  a  number  of  benches. 
This  is  called  KosciuszJw^s  Garden.    Clusters  of 

of  Tarrytown,  when  he  was  accosted  by  three  men,  arrested, 
searched,  and  the  fatal  papers  found  on  him.  Arnold  soon 
heard  of  his  arrest,  immediately  ordered  his  wife  to  burn  his  ? 
papers,  flew  to  his  barge  (which  was  always  ready  manned 
and  lay  at  the  small  dock  opposite  Buttermilk  Falls,)  and  Or- 
dered the  men  to  row  him  down  to  the  Vulture.  Ho  aiittlf'ed 
on  board  safe  and  gave  the  men  privilege  to  remainy  pr  return 
with  the  barge.  They  chose  the  latter.  He  wag  elevated  to 
the  rank  of  Brigadier  General  in  the  British  army,  which  he 
held  until  June  14,  1801,  when  he  died,  at  Gloucester -place, 
London,  and  went  down  /  ,     *  '- 

"To  the  vile  (lust,  from  wheufle  ■«  sprung', 
Unwept,  iinhonour'd,  and  nhpung'." 

Andre  Vvas  tried  as  ft  spy,  convicted,  and  suffered  an  igno- 
minious death,  which  must  have  been  preferable  to  the  life  of 
Arnold,  rendered  miserable  by  the  contempt  of  those  for  whom 
he  had  sacrificed  his  friends,  his  home,  his  country,  and  his 
Iwnour.  - 


i 


so 


THE    TOURIST. 


EttHil' 


lilacks  are  still  growing,  which  are  said  to  have 
been  planted  by  the  Polish  patriot.  There  is  also 
a  spring  of  very  fine  water,  over  which  the  cadets 
have  placed  a  marble  reservoir,  in  which  the  water 
boils  up  with  fine  effect.  It  was  formerly  difficult 
of  access,  but  is  now  accessible  by  means  of  a  flight 
of  stone  steps.  A  short  distance  from  this  place 
Kosciuszko's  monument  is  seen :  it  is  built  of  fine 
hewn  marble  ;  the  inscription  on  it  is  "  Kosciuszko. 
Erected  by  the  corps  of  cadets,  1828."  After  turn- 
ing the  Point,  the  Hotel  comes  in  view :  it  is  a  fine 
spacious  House,  and  kept  by  Mr.  W.  B.  Cozzens,  a 
gentleman  long  and  advantageously  known  to  the 
visitors  of  West  Point.  During  the  war,  a  Chevaux- 
defrize  was  extended  across  from  the  wharf  to 
Magazine  Point,  on  Constitution  Island,  to  prevent 
vessels  from  passing  farther  up  the  river. 

About  a  quarter  of  a  mile  above  is  a  monument 
to  the  memory  of  a  cadet  who  was  killed  by  the 
bursting  of  a  cannon.  The  names  of  several  cadets 
are  inscribed  upon  it.  A  short  distance  farther,  at 
the  water's  edge,  is  a  small  cove,  where  is  seen  a 
small  white  house.  This  house  is  on  the  site  of  the 
building  in  which  Gen.  Washington  held  his  head- 
quarters during  a  part  of  the  revolution.  After 
proceeding  about  a  mile  beyond  the  landing,  by 
taking  a  retrospect,  the  traveller  has  a  magnificent 
v%w  of  the  Military  Academy^  and  all  the  build- 
ings appertaining  thereto.  There  are  nine  brick 
buildirtgs  for  the  Officers  and  Professors.  The  view 
of  the  Point  from  this  distance  is  highly  imposing. 
Mr.  Samuel  Governeur  has  a  beautiful  residence 
opposite  West  Point.  The  Highland  School  is 
located  half  a  miief  north.  It  was  commenced  in 
1830,  and  is  now  becoming  very  popular. 

7Vte  Crowds  Nest^  (W.  S.)  is  the  first  mountain 
north  of  West  Point,  and  has  an  indenture  on  jts 
summit  resembling  a  nest,  hence  its  name. 


PASSAGB   UP   THE    HUDSON. 


it 


Cold  Spring.  (E.  S.)  A  small  village  about  2 
miles  north  of  West  Point  on  the  opposite  side— de- 
rives its  name  from  a  spring  in  the  vicinity,  which 
supplied  the  troops  with  water  during  the  war. 
The  West  Point  Foundry ^  under  the  superintend- 
ence of  Governeur  Kemble,  Esq.,  is  situated  at  this 
place.  This  establishment,  for  the  manufacture  of 
cannon  and  machinery,  comprehends  two  blast  fur- 
naces, three  air  furnaces,  three  cupola  furnaces,  a 
boring  mill  of  nine  gun  beds,  and  one  for  mortars 
and  cylinders,  with  lathes,  &c.;  three  water  wheels, 
one  of  iron,  30  feet  in  diameter,  with  extensive  shops, 
and  a  steam  engine  in  I3each-street,  New- York,  for 
the  manufacture  of  steam  engines  and  other  ma- 
chinery. The  whole  establishment  employs  daily 
from  450  to  500  workmen. 

Butter  Hill  is  the  last  of  the  range  on  the 
west  side.  At  the  foot  of  it  can  be  seen  Putnam^'s 
Rock,  which  was  rolled  from  the  top  in  1778  by  a 
party  of  soldiers,  directed  by  Gen.  Putnam.  An 
individual,  rather  visionary  than  otherwise,  of  the 
name  of  Newbold,  has  been  endeavouring  for  a 
number  of  years  to  establish  three  cities  on  the  top 
of  this  mountain.  Their  names  are  faith,  Hope, 
and  Charity.  He  intends  constructing  a  railway 
from  the  river  up  the  mountain,  with  an  engine 
stationed  at  the  smnmit,  by  which  merchandise,  &c^ 
will  be  drawn  up  for  the  use  of  the  inhabitants. 

Break-neck  Hill  is  the  last  of  the  range  of  High- 
lands on  the  cast  side :  it  is  a  very  rougfe  €5*aggy 
mountain.  When  directly  opposite,  the  profile  of 
a  human  face,  called  "  Turk's  Face,"  can  be  seen 
on  the  point  of  rock  which  projects  farthest  south- 
ward. 

PolopelVs  Island.  This  is  the  name  of  the  small 
round  island  in  the  middle  of  the  river  at  this 
place.  This  island  is  the  residence  of  nothing  save 
snakes,  which  are  found  in  immense  numbers  j 


22 


THE    TOURIST. 


i 


fii 


■i 

li  u: 


having  never  t)een  subjected  to  the  influence  of  a 
tutelar  saint,  with  snake-compelUng  powers  like 
those  of  the  renowned  St.  Patrick. 

Cornwall.  (W.  S.)  A  small  village,  4  miles 
south  of  Newburgh. 

New- Windsor,  (W.  S.)  is  2  miles  south  of  New- 
burgh. There  are  two  docks  at  this  place :  a  few 
yards  back  from  tho  south  dock  is  seen  a  low  house 
with  three  dormant  windows ;  in  1774,  this  was  the 
domicil  of  Mr.  Ellison ;  Gen.  Washington  resided 
with  his  family  most  part  of  that  winter  and  held 
his  quarters  there ;  a  short  distance  back  of  this,  on 
the  eminence,  is  a  beautiful  mansion  belonging  to 
Mr.  BuUus;  from  this  place  there  is  a  delightful 
prospect  for  20  miles  around. 

*  Newburgh.  (W.  S.)  Newburgh  was  first  set- 
tled by  some  emigrants  from  Palatine,  in  the  year 
1708,  and  is  now  a  place  of  some  considerable  mag- 
nitude, containing  a  population  of  about  4000.  Being 
situated  on  the  declivity  of  a  hill,  it  probably  makes 
a  better  appearance  from  the  river  than  from  any 
other  point.  A  stage  runs  from  this  place  to  Ithaca 
daily.  A  quarter  of  a  mile  south  of  the  village 
stands  the  old  stone  house  in  which  Wasliington 
held  his  quarters  at  the  time  when  the  celebrated 
"^H  "  Newburgh  Letters"  made  tlieir  appearance. 
Sy  Presqu'  Isle,  nearly  opposite  Newburgh,  is  the 

Residence  of  Mr. Denning.    This  situation  af- 

fofds  a  most  delightful  prospect  of  country,  and 
its  gal»dens,  shrubbery,  and  forest  trees  are  very 
charming. 

FiSHKiLL,  (EIS.)  is  directly  opposite  Newburgh. 
The  Matteawan  Cotton  Factory  is  situated  near 
this  place.  It  belongs  to  the  Messrs.  Schenck,  of 
-New- York.  The  Highland  Grove  Gymnasiumwas 
established  at  Fishkill  in  1829,  by  Messrs.  Kent  and 
Jones,  and  is  now  in  a  very  flourishing  condition. 

Low  Point,  (E.  S.)    There  is  a  small  cluster  of 


on. 


PASBAQE    UP    TUE    HUDSON. 


S3 


white  buildings  on  this  Point.    It  is  two  miles  above 
Fishkill. 

Dans  Kamer  Point,  (W.  S.)  5i  miles  above 
Newburgh,  is  a  rough  peninsula.  luiickerbocker, 
speaking  of  Gov.  Stuyveeant's  passage  up  the  river, 
says,  "  Even  now  I  have  it  on  the  point  of  my  pen 
to  relate,  how  his  crew  was  most  liorribly  frighten- 
ed, on  going  on  shore  above  the  Highlands  by  a 
gang  of  merry  roistering  devils,  frisking  and  cur- 
vetting on  a  huge  flat  rock,  which  projected  into 
the  riv^r,  and  which  is  called  the  DuyvelVs  Dans 
Kamer  to  this  very  day." 

The  splendid  mansion  with  a  wing  at  each  end, 
on  the  brow  of  the  hill  just  below  this  place,  is  the 
residence  of  Mr.  Armstrong. 

Hampton,  (W.  S.)  69  miles  from  New-York. 

Hambur*  h  is  directly  opposite  Hampton.  The 
creek  which  empties  into  the  river  at  this  point  is 
called  Wappinger's  Creek.  One  mile  and  a  hdf 
above  this  place,  on  a  projecting  point,  is  seen  a  fine 
brick  building,  with  an  arbour  on  the  hill.  This 
was  the  residence  of  George  Clinton,  formerly 
Governor  of  this  Sta  e,  and  celebrated  in  the  annals 
of  New- York,  as  a  statesman,  a  soldier,  and  a  good 
citizen.  Gen.  James  Tallmadge  is  the  present  oc- 
cupant. 

Jew's  Creek,  (W.  S.)  is  one  and  a  half  miles 
above  Hampton.    Brick  manufacturing  is  carried^ 
on,  at  this  place,  very  extensively. 

Milton,  (W.  S.)  72  miles  from  New- York,  ^ype 
village  opposite  is  called  Barnegat.  The  ^pore 
between  Hampton  and  Milton  is  literaillMi^ered 
with  lime-kilns.  ,  -^^^ 

The  beautiful  mansion  of  Col.  Livingston  is  situ- 
ated in  delightful  grounds  on  the  margin  of  the 
river,  about  one  mile  south  of^J^ughkeepsie. 

*  PouGHKEEPSiB,  (E.  S;)  is  located  about  a  niile 
from  the  landing.    This  place  was  originally  settled 


24 


THE   TOURIST. 


It, 


by  some  Dutch  families,  about  the  year  1735,  and 
derived  its  name  from  an  Indian  word,  Apokeep- 
sing,  signifying  safe  harbour.  It  was  incorporated 
as  a  village  in  1801,  and  now  contains  a  population 
of  more  than  5,000.  It  is  a  beautiful  and  pleasant 
place ;  the  buildings  and  grounds  of  its  inliabitants 
displaying  much  taste.  Its  importance  as  a  river 
town  is  very  considerable,  as  it  has  an  extensive 
back  country  to  support  its  commercial  prosperity. 
The  shore  is  rough  and  bold,  and  the  steam-boat 
landing  is  not  seen  until  the  boat  reaches  the  dock, 
in  consequence  of  a  high  rocky  projeciion,  called 
the  "  Call  Rock."  There  is  a  very  fine  view,  for 
several  miles  north  and  south,  from  the  top  of  this 
rock.  There  are  two  fine  hotels  in  the  village, 
equjd  to  any  between  the  cities  of  New- York  and 
Albany. 

New  Paltz,  (W.S.)  This  village  is  opposite 
Poughkeepsie. 

*  Hyde  Park.  (E.  S.)  A  large  tract  of  land  at 
this  place  is  owned  by  Dr.  David  Hosack,  an  emi- 
nent physician  from  New-York,  who  has  lately  re- 
tired from  the  city  to  this  delightful  part  of  the 
country.  His  splendid  mansion  is  in  sight  from  the 
river.  There  is  a  park  for  deer,  arbours,  lawn,  and 
a  very  extensive  hot-house,  which  contains  speci- 
mens of  almost  all  our  domestic  plants,  together 
with  a  great  variety  from  other  countries. 

Half  a  mile  above  Dr.  Hosack's  is  seen  Judge 
dleton's  mansion,  and  two  miles  farther  is  that 
of "Jfomilton  Wilkes,  Esq.  Dr.  Rowan's  seat  is 
direcl^-l^cross  the  river  from  Hyde  Park.  Three 
miles  abo^  Beaver  Creek  empties  itself  into  the 
Hudson. 

Esopus  Islandm  situated  at  the  mouth  of  the 
creek.  ^1*^ 

Lewises  Dock.  (E.  S.)  After  proceeding  a  few 
miles  farther  and  turning  a  point  of  land,  a  small 


J5.  and 
okeep- 
)orated 
ulation 
leasant 
ibitants 
a  river 
[tensive 
sperity. 
im-boat 
le  dock, 
,  called 
ew,  for 
I  of  this 
village, 
oik  and 

)pposite 

land  at 
an  emi- 
itely  re- 
of  the 
rom  the 
wn,  and 
Ls  speci- 
iogether 

Judge 
r  is  that 
seat  is 
Three 
into  the 

h.  of  the 

ig  a  few 
a  small 


PASSAGE    UP    TUB    HUDSON. 


25 


dock  is  seen,  and  a  splendid  yellow  building  a  few 
yards  in  the  rear.  This  is  the  residence  of  Gen. 
Morgan  Lewis,  formerly  Governor  of  the  State  of 
New-York.  A  few  yards  above  Governor  Lewis's 
is  the  beautiful  mansion  of  James  Duane  Livingston. 
Staatsburgh.  (E.  S.)  The  beautiful  mansion 
on  the  hill,  at  this  place,  is  the  res'dence  of  James 
Thompson,  Esq. 

*  Rhinebeck.  (E.  S.)  This  is  a  small  landing 
whence  a  sloop  sails  twice  a  week  with  produce  for 
New- York.  The  village  is  three  miles  in  the  inte- 
rior. This  place  affords  a  fine  distant  view  of  the 
Catskill  Mountains,  and  the  Mountain  House. 

Columbus  Point  is  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
river.  The  junction  of  the  Waalkill  Creek  with  the 
Hudson  river  is  at  this  place.  The  terminating 
point  of  the  Delaware  and  Hudson  Canal  is  about 
4  miles  inland,  where  it  empties  into  the  Waalkill. 
The  Canal  at  the  surface  is  36  feet  in  breadth  and  4 
feet  deep.  The  locks  are  72  feet  in  length  and  9 
feet  wide.  The  water  rises  in  them  from  8  to  11 
feet.  Two  packet  boats  are  in  operation  on  the 
Canal,  and  leave  Bolton,  one  and  a  quarter  miles 
from  Columbus  Point,  every  Monday  and  Thurs- 
day, for  Honesdale,  the  head  of  the  Canal,  from . 
whence  passengers  are  taken  to  the  coal  mines  on* 
the  rail-road.  Stages  are  in  readiness  at  HonesditM 
to  convey  passengers  to  Utica,  Binghampton,  ^^e- 
go,  and  Ithaca.  jhh^ 

Kingston  is  3  miles  inland.  It  WQjyMmuby  the 
British,  October  25, 1777.  j^ 

Magdalen  Island^  (E.  S.)  8  miles  above  Rhine- 
beck,  is  the  property  of  Dr.  Mastin.  His  residence 
is  handsomely  located  on  the  south  end  of  the  isl- 
and. He  has  an  arbour  "  founded  on  a  rock,"  from 
which  a  splendid  view  of  the  river  is  afforded,  both 
north  and  south. 

ShnltzKs  Dock.  (E.  S.)    A  ssloop  sriils  from  this 


26 


THE  TOURIST. 


m- 


ii 


Pi' 


place  to  New- York  once  a  week.  There  are  three 
buildings,  viz.  a  dwelling,  storehouse,  and  barn. 

Lower  Red  Hook.  (E.  S.)  This  was  formerly 
a  place  of  considerable  business,  but  within  a  few 
years  it  has  all  been  diverted  to  the  landing  three 
miles  above.  Just  south  of  the  landing  is  a  neat, 
delightfully-situated  building,  with  a  small  grove  in 
front,  which  is  decorated  with  an  arbour;  and  a 
number  of  rustic  seats  are  placed  about  under  the 
trees.  It  is  the  residence  of  Capt.  Brown,  of  the 
United  States  army.  A  few  yards  north  of  the  dock 
is  the  seat  of  J.  R.  Livingston,  Esq.  The  man- 
sion is  large  and  splendid.  The  mansions  of  J. 
C.  Stevens,  J.  C.  Montgomery,  and  R.  S.  Living- 
ston, are  situated  between  Lower  and  Upper  rS 
Hook. 

Glasgow  Village,  (W.  S.)  2|  miles  above 
Lower  Red  Hook  landing.  A  short  distance  above 
here  is  the  residence  of  Rev.  Mr.  Overbagh. 

*  Upper  Red  Hook.  (E.  S.)  The  village  is 
about  two  miles  from  the  landing,  in  the  interior. 
There  is  a  hotel,  a  number  of  stores,  storehouses, 
&c.  at  the  landing. 

The  mansion  south  of  the  dock  is  the  residence 
of  Robert  Tillotson,  Esq.  The  first  mansion  north 
l|f  the  south  landing  belongs  to  John  Swift  Living- 
ston. Esq.  It  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  locations 
on  ift^  Hudson.  A  few  yards  above  is  the  residence 
I  Mr.^^Elmendorf,  also  in  a  very  eligible  situation. 
After  prS^e4ing  two  miles  farther,  the  traveller  has 
a  view  of  the  splendid  brick  mansion  of  R.  L.  Liv- 
ingston, Esq.,  formerly  the  residence  of  Chancellor 
Livingston.  A  large  and  well-stocked  hot-house  is 
attached  to  the  south  end  of  the  building.  E.  P. 
Livingston,  Esq.'s  mansion  is  a  few  yards  farther 
north. 

(Jryj  (W.  S.)  opposite  Upper  Red  Hook  landing. 
Country  seat  of  Henry  Barclay.  Esq. 


clii 
ace 
gre 
ing 


PASSAGE   UP   THE   HUDSON. 


27 


Sauoerties  Village,  situated  about  one  mile 
west  from  the  confluence  of  the  Esopus  and  Hud- 
son rivers.  The  interjutting  hills  obstruct  the  view 
of  the  most  considerable  portion  of  it,  from  the 
latter  stream.  It  is  only  of  four  or  five  years' 
growth,  and  at  present  contains  very  extensive 
manufactories  of  bar  iron,  paper,  and  white  lead ; 
besides  many  other  of  minor  importance ;  a  popu- 
lation of  2500  souls,  and  a  water-power  still 
unemployed,  which  promises  a  corresponding 
continuance  of  prosperity  for  many  years  to 
come.  This  village  chiefly  owes  its  origin  and 
importance  to  the  exertions  and  enterprise  of  the 
proprietor  of  the  seat  last  named.  There  are  falls 
of  about  forty-five  feet  perpendicular  height  on  the 
Esopus  river,  at  this  village,  occasioned  by  natu- 
ral and  artificial  obstructions,  which  flood  the  water 
back  two  or  three  miles,  forming  a  most  beautiful 
sheet  or  lake.  Farther  up,  at  the  distance  of  about 
a  mile,  are  the  great  falls  of  the  Esopus,  which,  to- 
gether with  the  variety  and  beauty  of  the  adjacent 
scenery,  present  claims  for  the  gratification  of  the 
curious,  of  no  inferior  order.  The  roads  in  the 
neighbourhood,  during  the  temperate  and  bland 
season  of  the  year,  are  generally  good,  and  that  in 
particular,  which  leads  to  the  Pine  Orchard  through 
Kauterskill  Clove.  The  scenery  along  this  clove  ,,^ 
is  truly  alpine  and  unsurpassed  by  any  of  the  samjf ' 
character  within  the  United  States.  Fishing  aflfofos 
excellent  sport,  particularly  for  trout,  which  are 
taken  in  great  quantities  a  few  miles  bac)elin  the 
country.  There  is  a  good  hotel,  and  carriages  and 
horses  for  the  convenience  of  sojourners ;  and  the 
climate  being  healthy,  there  are  few  places  equally 
accessible  to  the  citizens  of  New- York,  which  offer 
greater  inducements  for  a  temporary  residence  dur- 
ing the  summer  months. 


\l  f 


:M. 


iiH; 


I 


#• 


II 


THE    TOVniST. 

Bristol.  (W.  8.)  Two  sloops  sail  from  this 
village  to  New- York. 

Trumporc's  Landing.  (W.  S.)  There  are  four 
or  five  houses  at  this  place :— it  is  the  next  above 
Bristol. 

Oak  Hill.  (E.  S.)  The  large  etorehouse  and 
dock  at  this  place  belong  to  Harman  Livingston, 
Esq.  His  splendid  mansion  is  situa[ted  on  the  hill 
just  south  of  the  landing. 

Ramshorn  Creek  is  seen  winding  through  the 
marsh  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  south  of  the  Catskill 
dock. 

*  Catskill.  (W.  S.)  Contains  a  population  of 
2165  souls.  This  is  the  landing  place  for  those  who 
visit  the  Catskill  Mountain  House,  A  stage  leaves 
Catskill  for  Ithaca  every  morning  at  7  o'clock,  to 
meet  the  steam-boat  on  Cayuga  Lake,  which  runs 
to  Cayuga  bridge,  where  stages  are  in  readiness  to 
convey  passengers  immediately  to  Rochester.  Pas- 
sengers for  Ithaca  generally  land  at  this  place  or 
Newburgh. 

Catskill  Creek  empties  into  the  Hudson  at  the 
south  side  of  the  dock.  It  is  a  very  considerable 
stream,  and  forms  a  harbour  for  the  sloops  that  sail 
from  this  place. 

Stages  are  always  at  the  dock  on  the  arrival  of 
the  7  o'clock  boats  from  New-York,  ready  to  take 

arties  to  the  Mountain.  The  distance  by  the  road 
12  miles,  althougli  in  a  direct  line,  it  is  only  8. 
The  time  taken  in  performing  the  journey  is  about 
4  holM:s  in  going,  and  a  little  over  2  hours  in  re- 
turning.^ The  road  is  very  fine  and  level  for  9 
miles,  when  the  ascent  from  the  foot  of  the  moun- 
tain commences  by  a  winding  road  which  leads  to 
the  west  end  of  the  Pine  Orchard  ;  for  the  follow- 
ing description  of  which,  we  are  indebted  to  Mr. 
N.G.Elliott,  of  Catskill. 


1*ASSAGE   Ur   THE   HUDSON. 


sd 


m  this 

ire  four 
t  above 

ise  and 
ngston, 
the  hill 

ugh  the 
Catskill 

ation  of 
ose  who 
:e  leaves 
lock,  to 
ich  runs 
iiness  to 
T.  Pas- 
place  or 

)n  at  the 
siderable 
\  that  sail 

rrival  of 
^  to  take 
the  road 
s  only  8. 
is  about 
irs  in  re- 
/cl  for  9 
le  moun- 
i  leads  to 
10  follow- 
ed to  Mr. 


Pine  Orchard. — Few  places  of  fashionable  re- 
sort present  stronger  attractions  to  the  tourist  than 
tlic  Pine  Orchard.    A  few  years  ago  this  delightful 
retreat  was  almost  unknown  and  rarely  visited,  but 
by  the  hardy  hunter  in  pursuit  of  the  deer,  the  bear, 
and  the  wolf,  who  had  hitherto  maintained  undis- 
turbed possession   of  its  cliffs  and  caverns.      At 
length  the  tale  of  the  extent  and  beauty  of  the 
prospect  and  the  grandeur  of  the  scenery,  drew  the 
attention  of  individuals  of  taste,  and  the  glowing 
descriptions  they  gave  of  its  surpassing  magnificence 
etfectually  roused  and  fixed  the  attention  of  the 
public.    Each  successive  season  the  number  of  vi- 
siters has  increased  till  the  temporary  buildings,  at 
first  erected  for  their  accommodation,  have  given 
place  to  a  splendid  Hotel,  140  feet  in  length  and 
four  stories  high.     This  establishment  has  been 
erected  by  the  Mountain  Association,  at  an  expense 
of  about  }[i>22,000.    It  occupies  the  Eastern  verge 
of  a  table  of  rock  some  six  acres  in  extent,  and 
about  3000  feet  above  the  river.    An  excellent  line 
of  stage  s  is  established  to  this  place  from  Catskill, 
a  distance  of  twelve  miles.    The  ride  to  the  foot  of 
the  mountain  is  not  particularly  interesting — but  as 
you  ascend  every  moment  developes  something 
magnificent  and  new.    The  sides  of  the  mountain, 
steep  and  seemingly  inaccessible,  tower  far  above 
you,  clothed  in  the  rich  deep  foliage  peculiar  tm 
such  regions ;  while  below  your  path  a  clear  streahd 
runs,  one  moment  bubbling  over  its  rocky  bedk^nd 
the  next  leaping  down  its  cascades  to  the  /alley. 
The  road  is  extremely  circuitous,  and  so  completely 
hemmed  in  by  the  luxuriant  growth  of  forest  trees 
that  the  traveller  is  for  a  long  time  unable  to  judge 
of  his  progress  in  the  ascent  by  any  view  of  the 
country  he  has  left.    At  an  abrupt  angle  of  the  road, 
however,  he  obtains  at  once  a  full  view  of  the 
Mountain  House^perched  like  the  eyrie  of  an 

3* 


90 


TUS  TOVAIST. 


if 


!   ii 


eagle  among  the  clouds—or  rather  like  the  en* 
chanted  castle  in  a  fairy  tale ;  seemingly  inaccessi- 
ble to  mortal  foot,  still  it  reminds  him  of  such 
terrestrial  comforts  as  are  sure  to  be  acceptable 
after  exercise  in  the  pure  air  of  the  mountains. 
Another  turn  and  it  again  disappears,  and  the  ex- 
cited traveller  next  finds  himself  on  the  level  rock  of 
the  Pine  Orchard,  and  approaching  the  Hotel  from 
the  rear.  A  moment  more  and  he  is  on  the  edge  of 
the  precipice  in  front  of  the  noble  building.  At  first 
glance  he  would  be  led  to  believe,  with  Leather 
Stocking,  that  creation  was  all  before  him,  and  he 
is  forced  to  admit  that  his  wildest  anticipations  are 
more  than  realized.  The  view  from  Table  Rock 
has  been  compared,  by  those  who  have  seen  both, 
to  that  from  the  summit  of  Vesuvius  over  the  bay 
of  Naples  and  the  adjacent  coasts.  In  features  they 
are  unlike ;  but  in  character  the  same.  From  this 
lofty  eminence  all  inequalities  of  surface  are  over* 
looked.  A  seemingly  endless  succession  of  woods 
and  waters — farms  and  villages,  towns  and  cities, 
are  spread  out  as  upon  a  boundless  map.  Far  be- 
yond rise  the  Taghkanick  Mountains,  and  still  far- 
ther the  highlands  of  Connecticut  and  Massachu- 
setts. A  little  to  the  left,  and  at  a  still  greater  dis- 
tance, the  Green  Mountains  of  Vermont  stretch 
away  to  the  north,  and  their  blue  summits  and  the 
blue  sky  mingle  and  melt  together.  The  beautiful 
Hudson,  studded  witli  islands,  appears  narrowed  in 
di%ance,  with  steam-boats  almost  constantly  in  sight ; 
wli!^  vessels  of  every  description^  spreading  their 
white  canvass  to  the  breeze,  are  moving  rapidly  over 
its  surface,  or  idly  loitering  in  the  calm.  These 
may  be  traced  to  the  distance  of  nearly  seventy 
miles  with  the  naked  eye ;  and  again  at  times  all 
below  is  enveloped  in  dark  cloud  and  rolling  mist, 
which,  driven  ah  ^.  by  the  wind,  is  continually 
assuming  new,    ,ild,  and  fantastic  fon^is;.    The 


PASVAOll   UP  TUB   BVDION. 


SI 


the  en- 
[laccessi- 
of  such 
!ceptable 
juntains. 
1  the  ex- 
il  rock  of 
Dtel  from 
e  edge  of 
At  first 
Leather 
,  and  he 
tions  are 
ble  Rock 
)en  both, 
the  bay 
ires  they 
rom  this 
are  over* 
3f  woods 
fid  cities, 
Far  be- 
still  far- 
lassachu- 
jater  dis- 
t  stretch 
3  and  the 
beautiful 
rowed  in 
rin  sight; 
ing  their 
(idly  over 
.  These 
'  seventy 
times  all 
ling  mist, 
ntinually 
is.    The 


whole  produces  an  effect  on  the  beholder  unequalled 
by  that  of  any  other  scene  in  this  country.  The 
gazer  turns  from  the  sight,  compelled  to  acknow- 
ledge that  all  is  bea^  tiful  and  all  is  new.  Visiters 
who  have  here  assembled  from  various  motives,  all 
depart  satisfied  and  delighted.  The  student,  pale 
and  exhausted  with  study  and  confinement,  has  for 
a  while  forsaken  his  books,  and  found  new  vigour 
in  the  "  medicinal  freshness"  of  the  mountain  air. 
The  idler  and  the  invalid  have  been  well  rewarded 
for  their  toils ;  the  one  by  the  accession  of  health 
and  strength,  the  brightened  eye  and  quickened 
pulse,  and  the  other  by  ol)taining  excitement,  exer- 
cise, and  pleasure,  in  exchange  for  the  irksome 
monotony  of  the  world  below.  All  are  for  a  while 
freed  from  the  idle  ceremonials  of  life,  and  permit- 
ted to  hold  unrestrained  converse  with  Nature  and 
r.er  works.  From  the  Pine  Orchard  a  ride  or  walk 
of  H  miles,  brings  you  to  the 

Cauterskill  Falls. — Here  the  outlet  of  two 
inconsiderable  lakes,  leaps  down  a  perpendicular 
fall  of  180  feet — then  glides  away  through  a  chan- 
nel it  has  worn  in  the  rock  to  a  second  fall  of  80 
feet.  Below  this  it  is  lost  in  the  dark  ravine  through 
which  it  finds  its  way  to  the  valley  of  the  Catskill. 
The  waterfall,  bold  as  it  is,  forms,  however,  but  one 
of  the  many  interesting  features  of  this  scene. 
Standing  on  the  edge  of  the  first  fall,  you  look  do\|m 
into  a  dreary  chasm  whose  steep  sides,  covered 
with  the  dark  ivy  and  the  thick  foliage  of  sui^mer, 
seem  like  a  green  bed  prepared  for  the  reception  of 
the  waters.  Making  a  circuit  from  this  spot,  and 
descending  about  midway  of  the  first  fall,  you  enter 
a  footpath  which  conducts  into  an  immense  naturai 
€imphitheatre  behind  the  waterfall.  The  effect  of 
this  scene  is  imposing  beyond  description.  Far 
over  your  head  projects  a  smooth  surface  of  rock, 
Ibrming  a  magnificent  ceiling  to  this  amphitheatre. 


I'l 


THE    TOURIST. 

In  front  is  the  ever-falling  water,  and  beyond,  the 
wild  mountain  dcU  with  the  clear  blue  sky  above  it ; 
the  scene  can  only  be  apprec^iatcd  on  the  spot.  Tlie 
tourist  should  l^car  in  inind  that  the  falls  nnist  be 
seen  from  below  to  produce  the  best  effect,  and  that 
the  view  from  the  Pine  Orchard  is  much  finer  from 
3  o'clock  P.  M.  till  sunset,  than  in  the  middle  of  the 
day. 

Coaches  leave  the  IMounlain  every  morning  at  7 
o'clock,  and  arrive  in  time  to  take  the  boat  that 
leaves  Albany  at  7  o'clock  for  New-York.  They 
also  leave  in  the  afternoon,  and  arrive  in  time  for 
the  day  boat  for  Albany,  and  the  night  boat  for 
New-York. 

*  Hudson,  (E.  S.)  was  first  founded  in  1784,  by 
30  individuals,  emigrants  from  Providence,  R.  I., 
and  is  now  quite  a  large  and  important  city ;  the 
only  one  between  New- York  and  Albany.  Its 
population  is  5.500.  It  is  situated  on  an  elevated 
plain,  and  the  bank  rises  from  the  river  in  the  form 
of  an  abrupt  bluff,  from  50  to  60  feet  in  height. 
Hudson  has  great  advantages  of  water-power  in 
the  vicinity,  and  ranks  as  the  third  in  manufactur- 
ing importance  in  the  stale.  A  company  of  gen- 
tlemen of  this  place,  have  recently  engaged  in  the 
whale  fishery.  They  have  three  ships  employed, 
and  are  likely  to  make  it  profitable.  This  is  the 
landing  x>lace  for  those  who  wish  to  visit  New- 
Lebanon  Springs  at  the  Shaker  Settlement^  on 
the  road  from  Albany  to  Boston,  about  25  miles  from 
Albany,  and  30  from  Hudson.  It  is  a  delightful  vil- 
lage, containing  many  attractions  for  travellers, 
among  which  is  a  mineral  spring,  which,  together 
with  the  pleasantness  of  the  country,  renders  it  the 
resort  of  invalids,  and  those  who  seek  for  health  in 
the  fresh  air  of  the  country.  There  are  here  several 
bathing  houses,  well  conducted,  for  which  the  water 
is  well  adapted,  being  less  medicinal  than  that  of  the 


iii 


ond,  the 
ibovo  il ; 
ot.  Tlie 
must  be 
and  that 
ler  from 
le  of  the 

iiig  at  7 
loat  that 
They 
time  for 
boat  for 

1784,  by 
*e,  R.  I., 

;ity ;  the 
my.  Its 
elevated 
the  form 
I  height. 
)o\ver  in 
nufactur- 
'  of  gell- 
ed in  the 
mployed, 
lis  is  the 
sit  New- 
ment^  on 
liles  from 
rhtful  vil- 
ravellers, 
,  together 
ers  it  the 
health  in 
re  several 
the  water 
lat  of  the 


PAOeAOB   UP   THB    HUDSON. 

Saratoga  Springs,  but  clear  and  soft.  In  the  vicinity 
of  the  spring  is  the  Shaker  Village,  consisting  of  a 
considerable  number  of  plain  wooden  houses,  paint- 
ed and  adorned  in  the  most  unostentatious  manner. 
The  peculiar  religious  services  of  this  people  excite 
the  curiosity  of  strangers,  and  access  to  them  is 
easily  obtained.  The  settlcMncnt  consists  of  about 
600  persons,  which  "little  community  slowly  in- 
creasing in  numbers,  pretty  rapidly  in  wealth  and 
power,  is  a  sort  of  miniature  of  a  world,  all  of  one 
sort,  beyond  which  it  is  deemed  fatal  to  extend  a 
look  or  a  mental  vision  !" 

Stages  leave  Bryan's  Hotel  for  the  Springs, 
daily,  at  half  past  7  in  the  morning,  and  in  the 
afternoon  on  the  arrival  of  the  morning  boats  from 
New-York.  The  Claverack  Falls  arc  9  miles 
from  Hudson.  No  stages  run  regularly  to  the 
Falls,  but  they  can  be  procured,  at  any  time,  at 
Bryan's  Hotel.  The  water  falls  150  feet  without 
mterruption,  except  by  a  small  point  of  rock  which 
juts  out  from  the  main  crag. 

Athens,  (W.  S.)  opposite  Hudson,  is  a  large 
village,  located  on  plains  gently  sloping  towards 
the  river.  A  large  number  of  sloops  sail  from  this 
place.  Numerous  mansions  of  private  gentlemen 
adorn  this  pleasant  village. — A  canal  has  been  cut 
through  a  low  marshy  island  in  the  river,  between 
this  place  and  Hudson,  through  which  a  horse  fer- 
ly-boat  plies  regularly  every  hour. 

CoLUMBiAviLLE,  (E.  S.)  four  milcs  above  Hud- 
son, is  in  sight  from  the  river,  about  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  from  its  bank.  It  is  situated  on  Kinder- 
hook  Creek,  which  empties  into  the  river.  There 
are  two  cotton  factories  at  the  village,  owned  by 
Messrs.  "Wild  and  Jenkins.  The  scenery  in  the 
vicinity  is  of  a  wild  and  romantic  character. 

Four  Mile  Pointy  (W.  S.)  is  a  high  rocky  point 
of  land,  opposite  Columbiaville. 


^d' 


I 


.  f 


.# 


34 


THE   TOURIST. 


,':  ^ 


yi 


I.' 


i;.i' 


♦  CoxsACKiE  Landing.  (W.  S.)  This  is  quite 
an  enterprising  place ;  a  number  of  sloops  sail  for 
New- York  daily  with  the  produce  of  the  interior. 
The  village  is  one  mile  in  rear  of  the  Landing", 
and  has  about  the  same  number  of  buildings.  There 
is  a  handsome  brick  church  at  th(^  landing,  an  ex- 
tensive/iGfy-7)7*e.v.s'  and  a  ship-yard,  in  which  many 
sloops  and  canal  boats  are  biiilt,  and  two  or  three 
steam-boats  have  been  constructed.  Small  ships 
occasionally  haul  up  here  to  repair. 

♦Stuyvesant  Landing,  (E.  S.)  contains  about 
60  houses,  a  few  stores,  a  post-office,  church,  &c. 
Nearly  opposite  is  a  light-house,  erected  in  1829, 
under  the  direction  of  Samuel  Swartwout,  collector 
of  the  port  of  New-York.  Two  miles  above,  on 
the  east  side,  is  another,  which  was  erected  at  the 
same  time. 

KiNDERHooK  is  situatcd  5  miles  inland. 

New-Baltimore.  (W.  S.)  There  is  a  yellow 
store-house  on  the  dock,  from  which  a  sloop  sails 
once  a  week. 

*CoEYMANs.  (W.  S.)  Red  store-house  on  one 
wharf,  white  on  the  other.  There  is  a  stone  build- 
ing just  south  of  this  landing,  on  '.vhich  an  antiquary 
might  gaze  with  interest.  A  flouring  mill  will  be 
seen  a  little  north  of  the  village. 

Castleton,  (E,  S.)  8  miles  from  Albany— brick 
store  on  one  dock,  white  hay-press  on  the  other. 

Mr.  J.  B.  Staats's  place,  (E.  S.)  5  miles  from  Alba- 
ny, is  called  Hoge-bcrgh,  which,  in  English,  signi- 
fies high  hill. 

Van  Wie^s  Point,  (W.  S.)  5  miles  from  Albany. 

The  Overslaugh,  three  miles  below  Albany,  is 
a  place  where  the  channel  is  very  shoal  and  nar- 
row, and  occasionally  the  steamboats  are  obliged 
to  "  lay-to"  for  an  hour  or  two,  until  the  tide  rises. 
An  immense  sum  has  been  expended  for  the  im- 
provement of  the  channel;  but  it  soon  fills  up 
again.    Albany  is  in  sight  from  this  place. 


n 


s  is  quite 
3  sail  for 

interior. 
anding", 
s.  There 
?,  an  ex- 
cli  many 

or  three 
all  ships 

ns  about 
irch,  &c. 
in  1829, 
collector 
bove,  on 
Bti  at  the 


a  yellow 
oop  sails 

3  on  one 
ne  build- 
mtiquary 
1  will  be 

y— brick 
!  other. 
>ni  Alba- 
sh,  signi- 

i  Albany. 
Ibany,  is 
and  nar- 
s  obliged 
ide  rises. 
•  the  im- 
fills  up 


PASSAGE    UP    THE    HUDSON. 


35 


Greenbush  is  nearly  opposite  Albany.  A  steam 
ferry-boat  plies  between  the  two  places. 

Albany — The  capitol  of  the  State,  contains  a 
population  of  25,000  souls.  About  the  year  1612, 
the  first  settlement  was  made  here  by  some  emi- 
grants from  Holland,  and  except  Jamestown,  Vir- 
ginia, it  is  the  oldest  settlement  in  the  United  States, 
lience  it  is  technically  termed  tlie  "  ancient  city." 
There  are  many  fine  specimens  of  old  Dutch  archi- 
tecture still  to  be  seen  in  various  parts  of  the  city ; 
its  general  appearance,  however,  has  been  much 
modernized  within  the  last  thirty  years,  as  many 
lofty  and  splendid  edifices  have  been  substituted  for 
more  humble  ones  of  the  "olden  day."  On  ap- 
proaching from  the  river  the  stranger  receives  a 
more  flattering  idea  of  Albany  than  he  would  from 
any  other  point,  it  being  built  principally  on  high 
ground,  by  reason  of  which  most  of  the  public 
buildings,  and  many  of  the  best  private  ones  have  a 
very  prominent  location.  The  Capitol,  the  City 
Hall,  (which  has  a  gilded  dome,)  the  Academy,  and 
the  lofty  spires  of  several  churches,  appear  conspir 
cuous  above  the  general  mass  of  buildings. 

On  the  arrival  of  the  boat  at  Albany,  stages  will 
be  found  in  waiting,  on  the  wharf,  ready  to  convey 
passengers  to  almost  any  point  of  the  comptiss. 

Public  Buildings  in  Albany.  The  Capitol,  or 
State  House,  at  the  head  of  State-street,  (a  broad 
and  handsomely-built  avenue,  ascending  a  rather 
steep  acclivity),  is  located  in  a  commanding  situa- 
tion. 

The  Academy,  a  few  rods  north  of  the  Capitol, 
is  a  fine,  substantial  building.  Its  architecture  has 
been  much  admired.  The  Lycei///j  of  the  Albany 
Institute  occupies  a  part  of  this  edifice.  The  City 
Hall,  in  Eagle-street,  is  a  very  fine  structure.  Slate 
House,  in  State-street,  is  a  building  of  antique  ap- 
pearance ;  but  not  otherwise  remarkable.    It  is  oc- 


I 


I 


h 


36 


TUB    TOURIST. 


n  f 


'ii. 


cupied  by  the  secretary  of  state,  chancellor,  regiS" 
ter,  &c. 

ITie  BanJc  of  Albany^  Canal  Bank,  and  Me- 
chanics^ and  Farmers^  Bank,  stand  in  juxta 
position  at  the  foot  of  State-street.  The  New-  York 
State  Bank  stands  in  the  contrc  of  State-street.  The 
Commercial  Bank  is  at  the  foot  of  State  street,  on 
the  south  side. 

The  Museum  Building,  at  the  corner  of  State 
and  Market-streets,  is  built  in  nearly  a  semi-ellipti- 
cal form,  four  stories  hi^h  besides  the  basement, 
and  is  without  doubt  one  of  the  most  splendid  build- 
ings in  the  state,  botli  as  it  regards  architecture  and 
the  material  of  which  it  is  constructed.  The  three 
upper  stories  are  occupied  by  the  Museum^  con- 
taining a  very  large  collection  of  curiosities,  of 
various  descriptions,  all  of  which  are  preserved  and 
arranged  in  the  most  scientific  manner.  This  con- 
cern is  well  worthy  a  visit.  The  terrace  affords  a 
very  extended  view  of  the  surrounding  country. 

The  Law  Buildings,  at  the  corner  of  Beaver 
and  South  Market-streets,  constitute  one  of  the  or- 
naments of  the  city.  The  South  Dutch  Church, 
enclosed  in  well-arranged  grounds,  extending  from 
Beaver  to  Hudson-street,  exhibits  at  each  end  a  lofty 
portico  supported  by  six  large  columns  of  freestone. 

The  Albany  Theatre  is  a  handsome  brick 
building,  scantily  supplied  with  architectural  orna- 
ments in  front.  The  interior  is  commodious  and 
elegant. 

There  are  now  no  packet-boats  on  the  canal  be- 
tween Albany  and  Schenectady.  Two  boats  of  this 
description  were  employed  on  this  route  in  1827 ; 
but  did  not  succeed,  in  consequence  of  the  detention 
at  the  locks,  no  less  than  twenty-seven  in  number. 
The  distance  is  28^  miles.  By  the  turnpike  it  is 
only  15  miles,  which  is  accomplished  in  between 
two  and  three  hours,  while  on  the  canal  the  passsagf? 


PASSAGE    Ur   THS    HUIMON. 


37 


r,  regiS" 

and  Ma- 
in juxta 
W'  York 
3ct.  Tlie 
itrcct,  on 

of  State 
iii-ellipti- 
iisemeiit, 
lid  biiild- 
ctiire  and 
'he  three 
inij  con- 
isities,  of 
rved  and 
rhis  con- 
affords  a 
untry. 
if  Beaver 
jf  the  or- 
Church, 
ling  from 
lid  a  lofly 
Freestone, 
me  brick 
iral  orna- 
lioiis  and 

canal  be- 
ats of  this 
in  1827 ; 
detention 
1  number, 
pike  it  is 
I  between 
ic  paR»ag(? 


occupies  from  twelve  to  fourteen  hours.  Persons 
wishing  to  take  the  packet-boats,  (which  leave 
Schenectady  for  the  West  at  2  and  7,  P.  M.),  take 
coaches  at  Albany  on  the  arrival  of  the  5  o'clock 
boats  from  New- York,  and  arrive  at  Schenectady 
for  the  2  o'clock  packet,  or  at  3  o'clock,  P.  M.,  and 
arrive  for  the  7  o'clock  packet. 

For  Troy,  6  miles  north  of  Albany,  stages  leave 
every  hour,  and  there  are  small  steam-boats  which 
leave  on  the  arrival  of  every  boat  from  New-York, 
and  at  intermediate  hours. 

Stages  leave  daily  for  Ballston  and  Saratoga 
Springs,  at  6  and  9  o'clock,  a.  m. 

For  Uticaj  Rochester,  and  Buffalo,  daily,  at  9 
A.  M.,  and  3  and  11,  p.  m. 

For  Whitehall,  daily,  at  9  o'clock,  a.  m.,  and  on 
Monday,  Wednesday,  and  Friday  mornings  at  4 
o'clock,  to  meet  the  steam-boat  on  Lake  Champlain, 
which  runs  to  St.  John's,  where  passengers  take 
stages  for  Montreal,  distant  about  30  miles. 

For  Boston,  (through  in  two  days),  via  Lebanon 
Springs,  Pittsfield,  Northampton,  and  WorceS'- 
ter,  daily,  except  on  Sunday,  at  2  o'clock,  a,  m. 

For  Providence,  (through  in  two  days),  via 
Westfield,  Munson,  and  Stockbridge,  daily,  except 
on  Sunday,  at  2  o'clock,  a.  m. 

For  Hartford,  (through  in  one  day),  via  Shef- 
field and  Norfolk,  daily,  except  on  Sunday,  at  1 
o'clock,  A.  M. 

For  New-Haven,  (through  in  a  day  and  a  half), 
via  Litchfield,  daily,  except  on  Sunday,  at  1  o'clock, 

p.  M. 

For  Lebanon  Springs,  via  Nassau  Village, 
every  morning  at  9  o'clock. 

For  Montreal,  (during  the  winter),  every 
morning  at  2  o'clock,^through  in  three  days. 

i 


1 


I 

i  'f 

11 


I'll 


38 


THE   TOURIST. 


Thorps*  &  Spr ague's  Stage  Office,  corner  of  State 

and  North  Market-streets. 
Rice  &  Baker's  Office,  corner  of  Hamilton  and 

South  Market-streets.      r  »      ;^        •  " 
Walbridge  &  Young's  Office,  corner  of  Division 
>;  and  South  Market-streets. 


1 

I 

'1 

■  ■, 
It 

■> 

,:h'."    ^.••'''  • 

:  •,   *',  .  «*_■ 

/ 

0  lii   .■•   ::>,,• 

i 

1 

H 

'   '  :  '  .'■'  /       "':  _        -f   , 

r'' 

m 

m 

.    - 

■■ 

B 

.s 


Si 


^'*'v 


.,  i  ,, 


V 


>, 


*    ,  .       ^    ■V*-' 


It 


I'!     i 


39 


'^^-^ 


i-i ' 


WESTERN  ROUTE  FROM  ALBANY. 

The  traveller  leaves  Albany,  and  after  riding  15 
miles  over  a  sandy  road,  and  through  a  barren 
country,  with  nothing  to  attract  or  interest  the  eye, 
he  finds  himself  in  the  ancient  city  of  Schenectady. 
According  to  tradition,  this  place  seems  to  have 
been,  long  before  the  knowledge  of  it  by  Europe- 
ans, the  head-quarters  of  the  Mohawks,  a  very  nu- 
merous and  powerful  tribe,  who  could  at  one  time 
muster  800  warriors.  The  city,  consisting  of  63 
houses  and  a  church,  was  totally  burned  in  the  dead 
of  night,  1690,  by  a  party  of  French  and  Indians 
from  Canada.  Many  of  the  inhabitants  were  mas- 
sacred, some  taken  captive,  and  part  fled  to  Albany, 
of  whom  a  number  lost  their  limbs,  and  all  had 
well-nigh  perished  by  the  cold.  Its  present  popu- 
lation is  4,500.  This  was  a  place  of  some  con 
siderable  business,  principally  forwarding,  a  few 
years  since,  when  goods  were  carried  across  the 
turnpike  to  the  hatteaux  on  the  Mohawk  River  j 
but  since  the  canal  has  been  in  operation,  the  bu- 
siness of  Schenectady  has  been  nearly  annihilated, 
as  it  passes  immediately  on  to  Albany. 

The  Schenectady  and  Saratoga  Rail  Road 
Company  are  now  making  preparations  to  com- 
mence the  construction  of  this  road ;  from  which 
the  villages  of  Ballston  Spa,  and  Saratoga  Springs, 
will  derive  almost  incalculable  advantages.  That 
portion  of  it  between  the  two  villages  will  be  ready 
for  use  in  the  course  of  next  summer. 

The  Mohawk  and  Hudson  Rail  Road  is  "being 
built"  between  this  city  and  Albany.  The  first 
ground  was  broken  on  the  29th  of  July,  1830.  It 
will  probably  be  finished  in  1832.  There  is  a  very 
fine  Hotel  at  Schenectady,  kept  by  H,  Davis. 


40 


THE    TOURIST. 


nil 


i:;; 


■  ■■;! 


Union  College  occupies  a  very  eligible  situa- 
tion, a  short  distance  north-east  of  the  city.  Dr. 
Nott  is  president  of  this  institution. 

The  traveller  now  resumes  his  tour  upon  the 
great  Western  Canal,  the  most  stupendous  chain  of 
artificial  navigation  in  this  or  any  other  country. 
In  passing  for  hundreds  of  miles  through  rich  and 
fertile  tracts,  and  over  obstacles  which  presented 
almost  impassable  barriers  to  the  great  work  of  in- 
ternal improvement,  so  boldly  planned  and  perse- 
veringly  completed  by  the  foresight,  wisdom,  and 
indefatigable  exertions  o<  Clinton  ana  his  compeers, 
the  reflection  will  inevitably  suggest  itself,  that  the 
state  of  New-York  has.  ample  reason  to  indulge  a 
feeling  of  pride  in  contemplating  the  beneficent 
results  of  the  triumphant  labours  cf  those  who 
planned  and  completed  this  monument  to  her 
public  spirit  and  enterprize. 


i:\ 


,..,-^- 


l.k  ■'  ;• 


,     r-'  «,,     i* 


•i    ■  '  '  '"■ 


WESTERN    ROUTE    I  aOM    ALBANY. 


41 


ible  situa- 
city.    Dr. 

upon  the 
is  chain  of 
r  country. 
1  rich  and 
presented 
ork  of  in- 
and  perse- 
3dom,  and 
compeers, 
f,  that  the 
indulge  a 
beneficent 
hose  who 
It   to   her 


CANAL  ROUTE. 

The  several  places  and  distances,  as  they  occu^ 
on  the  canal  route  from  Albany  to  Buffalo,  are  as 
follows : 


Albany    .    .    . 
Troy  .... 
Junction  .    .    . 
Schenectady     . 
Amsterdam  .    . 
Schoharie  Creek 
Caughnawaga  . 
Spraker's  Basin 
Canajoharie 
Bowman's  Creek 
Little  Falls  .    . 
Herkimer     .    . 
Frankfort     .    . 
Utica  .... 
Whitesborough 
Oriskany      .    . 
Rome .... 
Smith's    .    .    . 
Loomis's .    .    . 
Oneida  Creek  . 
Canistota     .    . 
New-Boston 
Chitteningo  .    . 
Manlius  .    .    • 


-a 

o 

0 
7 
2 

21 

16 
7 
4 
9 
3 
3 

16 
7 
5 

]0 
4 
3 
8 
7 
6 
3 
5 
4 
4 
8 


DISTANCE  FROM 


i  g 

0  110 


7 

9 

30 


57 

66 

69 

72 

88 

95 

100 

110 

114 

117 

125 


141 
146 


103 

101 

80 


46   64 
53   57 


53 

44 

41 

38 

22 

15 

10 

0 

4 

7 

15 


132   22 
138   28 


31 
36 


150  40 
154  44 
162   52 


270  363 
263  356 
261  334 
240  333 
224  317 
217  310 
213  306 
204  297 
201  294 
198  291 
182  275 
175  268 
170  263 
160  253 
156  249 
153  246 
145  238 
138  231 
132  225 
129  222 
124  217 
120  213 
116  209 
108  201 


4Z 


THE    TOt'RlST. 


l) 


^i 


" 


2 


DWTANOE  FROM 


(L 


a 


Orville     . 
Syracuse 
Geddes 
Nine-Mile  Creek 

Canton 

Jordan 

Weed's  Basin 

Port  Byron 

Montezuma 

Clyde      . 

Lyons 

Newark  . 

Palmyra 

FiiUom's  Basin 

Pittsford 

Rochester 

Ogden 

Adams'  Basin 

Brockport 

Holley    . 

Newport . 

Portville  . 
Oak  Orchard 
Middleport 
Lockport 
Pendleton 
Tonawanda 
Black  Rock 
Buffalo 


keport) 


a 
3 
6 
2 
6 
6 
6 
6 
3 
6 
,  11 
.    9 
.    7 
.    8 

•  13 
.  6 
.  10 
.  12 

•  3 
.  5 
.  5 
.  10 
.  4 
.  5 
.  7 
.  12 
.  7 
,  12 
.    8 


165 

171 

173 

179 

185 

191 

197 

200 

206 

217 

226 

233 

241 

254 

260 

270 

282 

285 

290 

295 

305 

309 

314 

321 

333 

340 

352 

360 

363 


65    105 
61      99 


63 

69 
75 

81 
87 
90 
96 
107 


131 
144 
150 
160 
172 
175 
180 
185 


204 
211 
223 


250 
253 


97 
91 
85 
79 
73 
70 
64 
53 


116     44 
123      37 


29 
16 
10 
0 
12 
15 
20 
25 


195      35 
199      39 


44 
53 
63 


230      70 
242      82 


90 
93 


o 

t§ 

a 

tt 
198 
192 
190 
184 
178 
172 
166 
163 
157 
146 
157 
130 
122 
109 
103 
93 
81 
78 
73 
68 
58 
54 
49 
42 
30 
23 
11 
3 
0 


u 


o 

05 

198 

99 

192 

97 

190 

91 

184 

85 

178 

79 

172 

73 

166 

70 

163 

64 

157 

53 

146 

44 

157 

37 

130 

29 

122 

16 

109 

10 

103 

0 

93 

12 

81 

15 

78 

20 

73 

25 

68 

35 

58 

39 

54 

44 

49 

53 

42 

63 

30 

70 

23 

82 

11 

90 

3 

93 

0 

WESTERN    ROUTF.    fllOM    ALBANY. 


4S 


The  Canal  Packet  Boat,  by  which  the  traveller 
to  the  west  continues  his  journey  from  Schenectady, 
is  about  80  feet  in  length,  and  14  wide.  A  cabin  in 
the  forward  part  of  the  boat  is  fitted  for  ladies,  with 
twelve  births,  in  a  similar  style  to  those  of  the 
steam-boats  on  the  Hudson.  The  dining  cabin  is 
about  35  feet  in  length.  The  gentlemen's  births  are 
not  staiionary,  but  are  hung  up  in  the  dining  cabin 
at  bedtime,  by  means  of  hooks  fitted  for  the  purpose. 
Back  of  the  dining  cabin  is  the  kitchen  and  sleep- 
ing cabin  for  the  hands. 

After  leaving  Schenectady,  the  boat  passes  through 
the  town  of  Rotterdam,  a  most  delightful  tract  of 
country,  to  the  first  lock,  which  will  prove  an  inte- 
resting sight  to  those  unacquainted  with  the  science 
of  canal  navigation.  The  lower  gates  are  opened, 
the  boat  runs  in,  the  gates  are  closed,  and  the  upper 
flood  gates  opened.  As  an  equilibrium  takes  place 
between  the  high  water  above  the  lock  and  that  in 
the  lock,  the  boat  rises  gradually  about  8  feet,  to  the 
level  of  the  water  above.  The  acclivity  being  thus 
surmounted,  the  upper  gates  are  opened,  and  the 
boat  moves  on  uninterrupted.  The  distance  from 
Schenectady  to  Utica  is  80  miles,  and  the  passage 
is  performed  in  from  18  to  20  hours.  The  boats  are 
drawn  by  three  horses  ahead  of  each  other.  The 
horses  are  changed  about  every  10  miles.  After 
proceeding  15  miles,  the  tourist  has  a  view  of  the 
village  of 

Amsterdam,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Mohawk 
River.  A  very  fine  bridge  crosses  the  river  at  this 
place.  A  few  miles  farther  is  seen  the  stone  house 
formerly  the  residence  of  Guy  Johnson. 

Schoharie  Creek.  The  Canal  crosses  this 
creek  by  means  of  ti  guard  lock  on  each  side*  the 
gates  of  which  are  closed,  when  the  water  is  higher 
in  the  creek  than  the  level  of  the  canal,  in  order  to 
prevent  it  from  rushing  into  the  canal  and  tearing 


44 


THU   TO  UK  1ST. 


i 


away  the  embankments.  The  ruins  of  Fort  Hunter 
are  to  be  seen  near  the  mouth  of  the  creek.  The 
Indian  Churchy  callocl  Queen  Anne's  Chapel, 
formerly  stood  on  the  spot  where  the  eastern  guard 
lock  now  is. 

FuLTONviLLE,  27  milcs  from  Schenectady.  A 
stage  leaves  here  for  Saratoga  Springs,  daily,  except 
on  Sunday.  Caughnawaga  is  directly  across  the 
river. 

Anthony^s  Nose^  on  the  south  side  of  the  Canal, 
is  one  of  the  most  promment  mountains  on  the 
whole  line. 

Can AJOH AR  IE,  38  miles  from  Schenectady.  The 
canal  runs  through  the  northern  section  of  this  vil- 
age,  and  a  bridge  crosses  the  river  to  Palatine, 
This  will  be  the  terminating  point  of  the  projected 
Catskill  and  Canajoharie  Rail  Road, 

Fort  Plain  village  is  3  miles  above  Canajo- 
harie. A  large  creek  empties  into  the  Mohawk  at 
this  place.  The  canal  crosses  the  creek  by  means  of 
guard  locks. 

Little  Falls,  22  miles  from  Utica.  These  are 
rapids  rather  than  falls.  On  each  side  the  moun- 
tains are  very  high,  leaving  but  a  narrow  space  for 
the  river,  canal,  and  road  to  pass  through.  For 
about  2  miles  the  canal  is  formed  by  throwing  up  a 
wall  into  the  river  from  20  to  30  feet  high,  then  ex- 
cavating into  the  mountain  and  filling  it  up.  This 
was  one  of  the  most  difficult  and  expensive  parts  of 
the  canal,  as  it  was  necessary  to  blast  the  rock  with 
gunpowder,  to  form  the  bed  of  the  canal,  for  nearly 
the  whole  distance.  A  beautiful  marble  aqueduct 
crosses  the  river  at  this  place,  and  leads  into  a  basin 
opposite,  where  boats  discharge  and  receive  lading. 
The  aqueduct  has  an  elliptical  arch  of  70  feet,  em- 
bracing the  whole  stream,  except  in  time  of  freshets, 
and  one  on  each  side  of  50  feet  span.  It  is  elevated 
about  25  feet  above  the  surface  of  the  river,  "  a 


WESTERN    KOUTE    FROM    ALBANY. 


43 


t  Hunter 
±.  The 
Chapel, 
;rn  guard 

tady.  A 
y,  except 
;ross  the 

I'-  Canal, 
s  on  the 

dy.  The 
f  this  vll- 
^alatine, 
projected 

Canajo- 
)hawk  at 
means  of 

rhese  are 
le  moun- 
space  for 
?h.  For 
^ing  up  a 
then  ex- 
p.  This 
5  parts  of 
ock  with 
)r  nearly 
iqueduct 
)  a  basin 
e  lading, 
feet,  em- 
freshets, 
elevated 
iver,  "a 


toamiiig  torrent,  dashing  over  the  bare  rocks  in  a 
fearful  and  sublime  style."  There  is  a  bridge  just 
above,  from  which  you  have  a  fine  view  of  the 
aqueduct,  and  the  slab  on  which  is  engraved  the 
names  of  the  canal  commissioners,  the  builders,  &c. 
There  are  a  number  of  fine  buildings  in  the  village 
on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river,  principally  of  stone. 
Passengers  disposed  to  pedestrianism,  generally 
leave  the  boat  at  the  second  lock,  and  walk  until 
they  reach  the  last.  They  are  six  in  number,  by 
which  the  boat  is  so  much  detained,  that  a  persoa 
may  walk  quite  leisurely  through  the  most  wild 
and  romantic  scenery  that  can  easily  be  imagined. 
A  stage  runs  from  this  place  to  Trenton  Falls  every 
Monday,  Wednesday,  and  Friday,  at  half  past  8, 
A.  M.,  distance  24  miles.  After  leaving  Little  Falls, 
you  pass  through  a  most  delightful  plain,  called 
German  Flatts,  for  7  miles,  when  the  village  of 

Herkimer  is  seen  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
river.  There  is  an  island  in  the  river  at  this  place 
from  which  a  bridge  leads  to  either  shore.  Pro- 
ceeding 5  miles  farther,  the  canal  passes  through 
the  village  of 

Frankfort.  Thence  the  traveller  pursues  his 
journey  10  miles,  and  finds  himself  in  the  beautiful 
and  flourishing  village  of  Utica. 

Utica  is  located  on  the  site  of  old  Fort  Schuy- 
ler, on  the  south  bank  of  the  Mohrwk  River,  96 
miles  west  of  Albany.  A  charter  was  granted  to 
this  village  in  1798,  since  which  time  its  population 
has  increased  very  rapidly.  In  1813,  it  contained 
1700  inhabitants ;  and  now,  by  the  census  of  July, 
1830,  it  contains  8324  souls,— 4338  males,  and  3986 
females.  Among  the  public  institutions  are  the 
following :  the  Oneida  Institme  of  Science  and  In- 
dustry, which  has  a  large  farm  attached  to  the  Insti- 
tution, on  which  each  student  labours  from  3  to  4 
hours  each  day — the  Classical  Academy,  a  Library, 


46 


rUB    TOUBI8T. 


U   :1<g 


.■I  ' 


i, 


!■  "t; 


the  Lyoeum,Miiseum,  twoBanks,  and  nine  Churches. 
Very  pleasant  excursions  are  frequently  made  from 
this  place  to  Whitesborough,  York  Mills,  Clinton  Vil- 
lage, (containing  Hamilton  College,)  Rome,  and  to 
the  wild,  picturesque,  and  romantic  Trenton  Fails. 
Stages  leave  Utica  every  morning  at  5  o'clock  for 
Auburn^  Rochester,  and  Buffalo ;  they  also  leave 
in  all  directions  on  the  arrival  of  the  packet  boats 
from  the  east  and  west ;  stages  leave  for  Trenton 
Falls,  4  times  a  day,  during  the  summer  months ; 
Packets  leave  for  Schenectady  every  morning. 

Trenton  Falls,  13  miles  from  Utica,  constitute 
an  object  of  curiosity  and  admiration,  to  which  the 
traveller  is  irresistibly  attracted.  It  does  not  oom- 
port  with  the  design  of  this  work  to  enter  into  a  de- 
tailed description  of  these  falls ;  merely  to  call  atten- 
tion to  them  fulfils  our  design.  They  are  on  the 
West  Canada  Creek,  a  large  stream,  which  emp- 
ties into  the  Mohawk,  and  are  about  24  miles  above 
its  mouth.  They  consist  of  several  chutes,  com- 
mencing near  the  Black  River  Road,  and  terminating 
at  Conrad's  Mills,  a  distance  of  more  than  two  miles. 
The  Upper  Fall  is  18  or  20  feet,  but  the  previous 
descent  of  the  water  in  the  two  miles  above,  is  sup- 
posed to  be  60  feet.  The  water  at  this  first  fall  is 
received  into  a  large  basin,  and  winds  its  way  down- 
ward through  a  precipitous  ravine  100  feet  in  depth, 
and  on  the  summits  of  its  banks  200  feet  across. 
This  ravine  presents  some  of  the  most  romantic 
peculiarities.  In  many  places  the  topmost  crags 
overhang  the  stream,  and  some  hardy  trees,  rooted 
in  the  crevices  of  the  rock,  throw  their  branches 
athwart  the  abyss.  There  are  six  distinct  falls ;  the 
one  we  have  ah'eady  noticed,  which  is  above  the 
bridge  on  the  Black  River  Road.  The  next  consists 
of  two  pitches,  and  is  known  as  "  the  Cascades,^^ 
where  the  water  is  compressed  into  a  very  narrow 
space,  and  falls  18  feet.    At  the  Mill-dam  Falls, 


WESTERN    ROUTE    FROM  ALBANY. 


47 


Churches, 
nade  from 
linton  Vil- 
ne,  and  to 
iton  Falls, 
j'clock  for 
also  leave 
cket  boats 
Trenton 
months ; 
irning. 
constitute 
which  the 
J  not  oom- 
into  a  de- 
» call  atten- 
ire  on  the 
hich  emp- 
liles  above 
^ites^  com- 
3rminating 
two  miles, 
e  previous 
3ve,  is  sup- 
first  fall  is 
ivay  down- 
it  in  depth, 
feet  across. 
It  romantic 
nost  crags 
ees,  rooted 
r  branches 
;t  falls ;  the 
above  the 
3Xt  consists 
Cascades," 
ry  narrow 
am  FallSy 


next  in  succession,  the  descent  is  14  feet.  A  short 
distance  below  is  the  High  Falls^  consisting  of 
three  pitches,  the  first  of  which  is  48  feet,  the  second 
11  feet,  and  the  third  37  feet;  the  three,  including 
the  intervening  slopes  and  pitches,  constituting  a 
descent  of  109  feet.  The  fiff"  -s  called  Sherman^s 
Falls,  about  70  rods  below  tue  High  Falls,  and  the 
descent  is  about  35  feet.  The  last  fall  is  at  Conrad^s 
Mills,  and  is  six  feet.  The  whole  descent  from  the 
top  of  the  upper  fall  to  the  foot  of  that  at  Conrad's 
Mills  is  387  feet.  When  the  water  is  high,  many 
of  the  distinct  pitches  are  lost  in  the  rushing  cata- 
ract ;  and  it  is  only  when  the  stream  is  low  that 
each  fall  can  be  separately  seen.  A  stairway  is 
formed  at  the  bottom  of  the  ravine,  by  means  of 
which  a  view  is  obtained  of  Sherman's  Falls,  and 
whence  the  visiter  passes  up  within  the  ravine, 
under  overrarching  rocks,  to  the  foot  of  the  high 
fall.  The  whole  forms  a  stupendous  scene ;  and 
those  feelings  of  awe  which  the  wilder  works  of 
Nature  impress  upon  the  mind  are  powerfully 
excited.  Organic  remains  have  hitherto  been 
found  in  abundance  in  the  ravine,  and  Mr.  Sher- 
man, (at  whose  house  accommodations  are  afford- 
ed to  visiters)  has  a  cabinet  of  these  remains, 
which  are  exhibited  to  the  curious. 

The  following  are  the  principal  Hotels  in  Utica : 
the  Canal  Coffee  House,  kept  by  Mr.  Shepard, 
late  of  the  United  States  Hotel,  is  at  the  Packet 
Boat  landing — the  National  Hotel,  three  doors 
north  of  the  Canal,  by  J.  Welles,  late  of  the  Canal 
Coffee  House — Mr.  Bagg's  Hotel,  corner  of  Main 
and  Genesee-streets;  United  States  Hotel;  Oneida 
Temperance  House,  and  Clinton  House,  are  all 
very  fine  establishments. 

The  Packet  Boats  leave  Utica  every  day  at  2 
o'clock,  P.  M.,  for  Rochester.  The  following  is 
an  extract  from  the  advertisement  of  the  proprie- 


48 


THE    TOURIST. 


,i  \ 


\l     '  .1 


■dM' 


H        i 


I 


tors.    **  This  line  is  intersected  by  a  line  of  J'ack- 
ets    running    between  Syracuse   and    Oswego. 
Passengers  travelling  between  Utica  and  Oswego 
will  meet  with  no  delay  in  passing  from  one  line 
to  the  other  at  Syracuse,  and  will  find  this  route 
both  interesting  and  expeditious.    A  boat  for  pas- 
sengers will  ply  between  Geneva  and  Montezu- 
mUj  where  this  line  is  also  intersected   by   the 
steam-boat  on  Cayus^a  Lake"    The  boat  passes 
through  the  following  villages  on  the  passage  to 
Rochester :  Whitesborough,  Rome,  New-London, 
Canistotay  New- Boston,  Chittenango,  Manlms, 
Syracuse,  Canton,  Jordan,  Montezuma,  Clyde, 
Lyons,  Newark,  Palmyra,  and  arrives  at  Ro- 
chester in  time  for  the  morning  boat  for  Buffalo. 
There  is  nothing  of  much  interest  on  the  Canal, 
for  the  first  sixty  miles  west  of  Utica.    It  is  a  per 
fectly  level  and  marshy  country,  without  a  lock 
in  the    whole  distance;    therefore  the   general 
course  is  to  take  the  stage  in  the  morning  and 
arrive  at  Syracuse  in  the  evening,  lodge  at  Mr. 
Comstock's  "  Syracuse  House,"  (which  is  a  very 
extensive  well-iurnished  hotel,  and  kept  in  the 
first  style),  and  be  ready  to  take  the  Packet,  as  it 
passes,  about  5  o'clock  in  the  morning. 

Syracuse  is  the  most  important  place  between 
Utica  and  Rochester,  and  contains  about  four 
hundred  buildings ;  among  which  are  a  church, 
two  very  extensive  hotels,  one  on  each  side  of  the 
Canal,  which  is  lined  with  lofty  ware-houses,  giv- 
ing it  the  appearance  of  New-York  in  miniature. 
The  importance  of  this  flourishing  village  is  prin- 
cipally owing  to  the  immense  quantity  of  sal( 
produced  in  the  vicinity.  Great  quantities  are 
manufactured  from  the  vast  number  of  springs  by 
which  the  whole  body  of  the  soil  is  impregnated. 
The  salt  is  manu  actured  by  solar  evaporation, 
The  water  is  brought  in  logs  from  the  viUajrp 


le  of  J'ack- 
l  Oswego. 
nd  Oswego 
)m  one  line 
1  this  route 
oat  for  pas- 

Montezu- 
ed  by  the 
boat  passes 

passage  to 
w-LondoTiy 
>,  Manlius^ 
una,  Clyde, 
ves  at  Ro- 
for  Buffalo. 
I  the  Canal, 

It  is  a  per 
;hout  a  lock 
the  general 
norning  and 
lodge  at  Mr. 
ich  is  a  very 
kept  in  the 
Packet,  as  it 

lace  between 
about  four 
ire  a  church, 
ih  side  of  the 
-houses,  giv- 
in  miniature. 
Uage  is  prin- 
ntity  of  sal( 
uantities  are 
of  springs  by 
impregnated, 
evaporation, 
the  villaffp 


WESTEllN    ROUTE    FR03I    ALDANY. 


49 


tSalinay  about  one  mile  and  a  half  distant,  and  emp- 
tied into  the  vats,  which  occupy  nearly  300  acres. 
The  vats  are  all  covered  with  light  roofs,  which 
are  moveable  at  pleasure,  to  admit  the  rays  of  the 
sun  upon  the  water,  or  to  prevent  the  rain  from 
mingling  with  it.  The  salt  is  removed  from  the 
vats  twice  or  three  times  in  the  course  of  the 
summer. 

Salina  is  a  mile  and  a  half  north  of  Syracuse. 
The  first  salt  spring  was  discovered  at  this  place 
by  the  Indians,  from  the  circumstance  of  its  being 
visited  by  deer  and  other  animals.  The  Oswego 
Canal  commences  at  this  place,  the  surplus  water 
of  which  is  used  for  the  purpose  of  forcing  (by  a 
powerful  hydraulian)  the  salt  water  85  feet  up  the 
hill  into  a  large  reservoir.  It  is  forced  up  at  the 
rate  of  300  gallons  per  minute,  whence  it  is  con- 
veyed by  logs  to  the  factories  in  the  neighbour- 
hood, which  amount  to  175  within  a  circuit  of  7 
miles.  The  springs  and  works  all  belong  to  the 
State,  to  which  the  manufacturers  pay  imposts  of 
63  cents  per  barrel  of  5  bushels,  which  are  applied, 
according  to  the  Constitution  of  the  State,  towards 
discharging  the  Canal  debt. 

The  Oswego  Canal  extends  from  Onondaga 
lake  to  lake  Ontario,  at  Oswego.  It  includes  20 
miles  of  the  Osvvego  river.  The  whole  distance 
is  38  miles. 

Geddes  is  a  small  village,  2  miles  west  of  Sy- 
racuse. A  number  of  valuable  salt  springs  have 
been  discovered  at  this  place  very  recently.  The 
manufacturing  establishments  are  within  a  few 
rods  of  the  canal.  After  pursuing  its  course  7 
miles  farther,  the  canal  crosses  Nine  Mile  Creek., 
by  means  of  an  aqueduct  with  two  arches,  under 
which  the  creek  flows. 

Weed's  Basin,  15  miles  from  .*^yracuse,  con- 
tains about  60  houses. 

5 


50 


TUB    TUUftlST. 


m% 


\ 


Auburn  is  7  miles  south,  for  which  placB  stages 
leave  daily. 

The  State  Prison  is  located  at  Auburn,  oil  the 
banks  of  the  Owasco  creek.  The  machinery  of 
the  prison  is  propelled  by  the  water  from  this 
creek. 

Montezuma  is  a  flourishing  village.  Tliere  is 
a  salt  manufacturing  establishment  one  mile  north 
of  it,  to  which  a  side-cut  from  the  canal  affords 
means  of  communication.  Passengers  intending 
to  visit  Ithaca  Falls  land  here. 

Ithaca.  This  is  a  beautiful  village,  situate  at 
the  head  of  Cayuga  Lake.  Founded  by  the  pre- 
sent Surveyor  General  at  an  early  day.  In  1810 
it  had  400  inhabitants ;  it  has  now  over  3000.  It 
contains  several  churches,  manufactories,  an  aca- 
demy, and  literary  societies,  several  newspaper 
and  book  establishments,  several  fine  hotels,  and 
is  surrounded  with  the  most  splendid  scenery.  It 
is  situated  on  a  flat'of  great  extent,  through  whieb 
the  Cayuga  inlet  passes  on  the  western  side  of  the 
village.  It  has  some  fine  mills,  and  immense  wa- 
ter powers  yet  unemployed. 

This  place  has  a  very  extensive  commerce  with» 
New-York  and  Pennsylvania.  It  is  said  that  one- 
eighth  of  the  tolls  paid  upon  the  canal  at  Monte- 
zuma for  produce  going  east,  is  paid  by  the  tra- 
ders of  Ithaca  and  its  vicinity. 

To  tourists,  its  great  attraction  consists  in  its' 
scenery,  and  for  this  reason  we  give  it  so  particu- 
lar a  notice.  During  the  last  season  a  great  many 
persons  visited  it  and  were  astonished  at  what 
they  saw.  The  following  is  a  brief  description 
of  the  Falls  at  and  pear  Ithaca. 

The  Falls,  of  Fall  River,  are  near  the  village, 
and  are  seen  on  entering  the  village  from  the 
steam-boat  landing.  Its  height  is  116  feet,  with  a 
proportionate  breadth.     Two  immense  piles  of 


ce  stages 

on  the 
inery  of 
om  this 

There  is 
ile  north 
1  affords 
ntending 

iituate  at 
the  pre- 
In  1810 
3000.  It 
I,  an  aca- 
jwspaper 
•tels,  and 
inery.  It 
gh  which 
ideof  the 
lense  wa- 

Brce  witfe 
that one- 
it  Monte- 
'  the  tra- 

ists  in  its' 
)  particu- 
eat  many 
at  what 
scription 

3  village, 

Tom  the 

it,  with  a 

piles  of 


WKflTERN    ROUTE  FROM    ALBANY. 


51 


rocks  enclose  the  stream,  and  on  tlie  right  hand, 
high  up  the  bank,  a  mill  race  is  seen  winding 
round  a  point  of  the  bank,  suspended  in  mid-air, 
and  now  and  then  an  adventurous  visiter  careful- 
ly treading  his  way  along  the  dizzy  path.  This 
race-way  was  built  in  an  extraordinary  manner: 
— A  person  let  himself  down  from  a  tree  standing 
on  a  high  point  above,  and  swinging  over  the  gid- 
dy steep,  he  there  dug  out  places  in  the  rock  in 
which  to  fasten  the  principal  supporters  of  the  race. 
The  view  from  this  point  is  grand  and  impressive. 
A  short  distance  from  this,  up  the  rocky  bed  of 
the  creek,  the  visiter  proceeds  until  his  steps  are 
arrested  by  anotlier  splendid  fall;  the  bank  pre- 
senting the  most  curious  forms,  and  the  most  sur- 
prising strata.  The  fall  is  beautiful ;  it  is  not  so 
high  as  the  preceding,  but  it  is  more  wild ;  the 
water  pours  over  in  large  sheets,  commencing  as 
it  were  from  the  topmost  ledge,  and  then  spread- 
ing out  widely  and  boldly  below.  The  basin  into 
which  the  water  falls  is  also  very  picturesque. 

There  are  two  more  falls  beyond  these,  which, 
with  the  others,  make  the  descent  438  feet,  in  the 
short  space  of  one  mile. 

There  are  some  beautiful  falls  on  the  Cascadilla, 
though  the  effect  of  two  of  them  has  been  destroy- 
ed by  a  high  mill  dam  thrown  across  the  bed  of 
the  stream. 

On  the  Six  Mile  Creek,  and  on  the  Buttermilk 
Creek,  are  also  a  great  number  of  beautiful  and 
romantic  falls,  all  worthy  of  particular  notice  and 
equal  to  any  thing  in  this  country.  These  are  all 
at  the  village. 

On  the  Five  Mile  Creek,  which  is  a  few  miles 
south  from  Ithaca,  is  one  of  the  most  splendid 
falls  of  water  ever  beheld.  It  is  impossible  to 
describe  its  majestic  character. 


52 


THE    TOURIST. 


At  Goodwin's  Point,  there  is  still  another  fall, 
called  The  Taghcanic.  This  point  is  a  place 
where  the  steam-boats  land  daily. 

The  Ravine  is  ascended  for  about  a  quarter  of  a 
mile,  and  then  the  eye  is  amazed  with  a  fall  of 
water  of  200  feet  in  perpendicular  height,  a  breadth 
of  60  feet,  and  banks  of  rock  360  feet  high.  The 
stream  of  water  varies  in  quantity,  though  it  is 
always  a  full  stream. 

There  is  fine  fishing  and  shooting  during  the 
season  about  Ithaca. 

The  lake  is  a  lovely  sheet  of  water  40  miles 
long  and  from  1  to  4  miles  wide.  Several  neat 
villages  are  situated  on  its  banks,  and  its  surface 
is  often  white  with  sails.  Travellers  who  wish 
to  embrace  the  pleasures  of  this  excursion  will 
find  the  following  routes  decidedly  the  best : 
Fp  m  New- York,  viaNewburgh,  to  Ithaca,  2  days. 
"  "   Catskill,       "      "      2 

"  "   Utica  and  Auburn,     3 

"  "   Montezuma  tS:  Canal,  4 

The  steam-boat  De  Witt  Clinton^  low  pressure, 
with  elegant  accommodations  and  making  the  pas- 
sage in  from  4  to  5  hours,  including  10  landings, 
leaves  the  Bridge,  East  Cayuga,  every  day,  at  1 
o'clock,  P.  M.,  Ithaca  at  7,  A.  M. 

The  TelemachuSj  every  other  day,  with  canal 
boats  in  tow. 

These  boats  are  owned  by  Messrs.  De  "Witt  and 
Bloodgood,  of  Albany.  They  are  both  on  the 
Annesly  plan,  which  is  found  in  these  instances 
to  succeed  admirably. 

There  is  a  superb  hotel  called  the  Clinton 
House  J  at  Ithaca. 

One  mile  from  Montezuma  the  canal  enters  the 
Montezuma  marsh,  3  miles  in  extent,  which  is  a 
most  solitary,  desolate,  and  dreary  swamp.    After 


u 
u 


WESTERN  ROUTS  FROM  ALBANY. 


53 


her  fall, 
a  place 

irter  of  a 
a  fall  of 
I  breadth 
rh.  The 
ugh  it  is 

iring  the 

40  miles 
eral  neat 
s  surface 
vho  wish 
sion  will 
est : 
a,  2  days. 

2  " 

3  " 


il,  4     « 
pressure, 
g  the  pas- 
landings, 
day,  at  1 

v^ith  canal 

Witt  and 

th  on  the 

instances 

!   Clinton 

enters  the 
vhich  is  a 
ip.     After 


leaving  the  marsh  and  travelling  8  miles,  the  tra- 
veller passes  the  flourishing  village  of 

Clyde,  which  contains  a  glass-blowing  esta- 
blishment. 

Palmyra  is  a  handsome  business-looking  vil- 
lage, in  Wayne  county.  It  is  built  on  the  south- 
ern side  of  the  canal.  There  are  a  number  of 
factories  and  mills  in  the  vicinity  situated  on  Mvd 
Creek,  which  runs  eastward  about  40  rods  from 
the  main  street.  Passengers  and  goods  destined 
for  Canandaigua,  land  at  this  place. 

Fullom's  Basin,  13  miles  from  Palmyra.  The 
distance  by  canal  to  Rochester  is  16  miles,  and  by 
land  only  1\ ;  inconsequence  of  which  passengers 
frequently  take  stages  from  this  place  ;  by  doing 
this,  however,  the  view  of  the  Great  Embank- 
ment  is  lost.  The  embankment  commences  about 
4  miles  from  Fullom's  Basin,  and  extends  2  miles, 
at  an  elevation  of  about  70  feet,  from  which  there 
is  a  fine  prospect  of  the  surrounding  country. 

PiTTSFORD,  containing  about  90  buildings,  is  2 
miles  farther.  After  proceeding  10  miles  from 
Pittsford,  the  boat  arrives  at  the  large  and  pros- 
perous village  of 

Rochester,  the  most  extensive,  populous,  and 
important  place  in  the  western  country.  It  has 
heen  termed  the  "Western  New-York."  The 
Genesee  River  passes  through  the  village,  and  the 
threat  Falls,  97  feet  in  height,  are  about  80  rods 
below.  From  the  centrp  of  these  falls  the  cele- 
brated Sam  Patch,  of  immortal  memory,  made 
his  "  last  jump,"  in  the  autumn  of  1829.  He  pre- 
cipitated himself  from  a  scaffold  erected  25  feet 
above  Table  Rock,  making  an  elevation  of  125 
feet.  An  immense  number  of  persons  had  collect- 
ed from  many  miles  distant,  to  witness  this  last, 
and,  as  it  proved,  fatal  leap.  His  body  was  not 
found  until  the  ensuing  spring.    In  1812,  Roches- 

5* 


54 


THE    TOURIST. 


I     :'l 


ki 


i      • 


i 


ter  was  a  wilderness ;  and  in  the  short  space  of  18 
years  its  growth  has  been  unprecedented,  as  will 
be  perceived  by  a  slight  ,<?lance  at  its  present 
statistics.     It  contains  2000  buildings,  and  a  po- 
pulation of  10,885.    In  the  south  part  of  the  vil- 
lage the  canal  runs  parallel  with  the  eastern  bank 
of  the  river  for  half  a  mile,  and  at  but  a  short  dis- 
tance.   At  the  centre  of  the  village  it  crosses  the 
river  by  a  splendid  aqueduct,  804  feet  long,  with 
11  arches  of  from  26  to  50  feet  chord,  elevated  14 
feet  from  the  surface  of  the  river.    It  is  construct- 
ed of  red  freestone,  and  cost  over  ^80,000.    The 
height  of  the  canal  at  Rochester  is  501  feet  above 
the  tide  waters  of  the  Hudson,  and  64  feet  below 
Lake  Erie.  There  are  two  bridges  across  the  river. 
The  principal  hotels  are,  the  Eagle  Tavern,  Roch- 
ester House,  Mansion  House,  Arcade  House,  and 
Clinton  House.    The  principal  public  buildings 
are,  the  Couk't  House,  Jail,  Globe  Buildings,  11 
churches,  and  2  banks,  viz  :  Bank  of  Rochester, 
and  Bank  of  Munro.    In  the  vicinity  of  the  village 
there  are  eleven  flouring  mills,  with  53  run  of 
stones,   capable    of   grinding  12,000  bushels  of 
wheat  every  24  hours. 

The  Arcade  was  erected  in  1829.  It  is  100  feet 
front  by  135  deep,  and  4  stories  high,  exclusive  of 
the  attic  and  basement.  There  are  6  stores  in 
front,  besides  a  large  hall,  which  leads  to  the  Ar- 
cade,  where  the  Atheneum,  Post-Office,  Arcade 
House,  and  a  variety  of  offices  are  situated.  An 
Observatory,  in  the  form  of  a  Chinese  pagoda,  is 
erected  on  tne  top,  from  which  the  visiter  may 
obtain  a  magnificent  view  of  the  country. 

Stages  leave  Rochester,  daily,  for  Albany,  via 
Canandaigua,  Geneva,  Auburn,  Onondaga,  tJtica, 
Little  Falls,  and  Schenectady,  distance  !i37  miles. 
They  also  leave  daily  for  Buffalo,  via  Lewiston 
and  Niagara  Falls,  passing  over  the  ridge  road. 


WESTERN    IlOUTE    FROM    ALBANY. 


55 


lace  of  18 
d,  as  will 

5  present 
and  a  po- 
)f  the  vil- 
tern  bank 
short  dis- 
•osses  the 
ong,  with 
evated  14 
construct- 
)00.    The 
feet  above 
feet  below 
3  the  river, 
erw,  Roch- 
louse^  and 
\  buildings 
ildingSj  11 
Rochester, 
the  village 
53  run  of 

bushels  of 

t  is  100  feet 
xclusive  of 

6  stores  in 
J  to  the  At- 
ce,  Arcade 
uated.  An 
3  pagoda,  is 
visiter  may 

Albany,  via 
iagtt,  Utica, 
e  1^7  miles, 
a  Lewiston 
idge  road, 


distance  104  miles  ;  and  via  Caledonia,  Leroy,  ancj 
Batavia  for  Buffalo,  distance  77  miles. 

Packet  Boats  leave  Rochester  every  morning 
for  Buffalo  and  Albany.  After  leaving  Rochester 
in  the  boat  for  Buffalo,  and  passing  a  number  of 
small  places,  the  traveller  arrives  at  the  thriving 
village  of 

Brockport.  This  is  a  pretty  village;  the 
buildings  and  grounds  of  its  inhabitants  display- 
ing much  taste.  It  chiefly  owes  its  origin  to,  and 
derives  its  name  from,  the  enterprising  Hieghl 
Brockway,  Esq. 

Oak  Orchard,  44  miles  from  Rochester.  It  is 
located  on  the  bank  of  a  creek  of  the  same  name. 
The  largest  arch  on  the  whole  line  of  canal  is  at 
this  place,  over  which  the  canal  crosses  the  creek. 
Travellers,  wishing  to  see  this  "  work  of  man," 
must  leave  the  boat  a  short  time  before  reaching 
it,  IS  •>  stop  is  made,  and  walk  rapidly  forward 
in  or  o  gain  time ;  and  they  will  be  taken  on 
boaru  uw  the  village,  when  the  boat  passes.  There 
is  a  passage  to  the  bottom  of  the  arch  by  means 
of  circular  steps,  and  a  path  underneath,  which 
leads  to  the  village.  19  miles  farther  is  the  flour- 
ishing village  of 

LocKPORT.  It  is  situated  on  the  mountain 
ridge  ;  and  there  are  here  5  locks  for  ascending 
and  5  for  descending  by  the  canal,  situated  a  few 
yards  below  the  village.  These  locks  are  con- 
structed in  the  most  permanent  manner,  and  the 
science  and  solidity  displayed  by  them  has  often 
been  spoken  of  with  admiration.  There  are  stone 
steps  between  the  rows  of  locks,  guarded  on 
each  side  with  iron  railings.  This  is  the  most 
stupendous  work  on  the  whole  route.  In  1821, 
there  were  but  two  houses  at  this  place ;  now, 
there  are  nearly  400,  and  more  than  2000  inhabi- 
tants.   Passengers,  who  intend  visiting  the  Nia- 


56 


TUB  TOURIST. 


f'.'j  .t.i ' 


» 1 


gara  Falls,  frequently  take  stage  here,  and  pro- 
ceed to  Manchester  (the  American  Fall),  23  miles 
distant,  or  to  Lewiston,  which  is  7  miles  below 
the  Falls,  and  visit  Manchester  afterward.  After 
passing  Lockport  7  miles,  the  boat  arrives  at  Ton- 
neioanta  Creek^  which  forms  the  canal  for  12  miles 
to  its  mouth.  Hence  the  canal  is  carried  along 
the  shore  of  the  Niagara  river  for  8  miles  to  the 
village  of 

Black  Rock,  which  is  on  the  west  bank  of  the 
river,  and  is  a  place  of  considerable  size,  contain- 
ing 700  inhabitants.  The  former  activity  of  this 
village  has  recently  much  diminished,  as  Roches- 
ter has  overgrown  it,  and  attracted  most  of  the 
business  once  transacted  here.  The  private  man- 
sion of  Gen.  Peter  B.  Porter,  late  secretary  of  war 
(who  resides  here),  makes  quite  a  splendid  ap- 
pearance from  the  water.  From  Black  Rock  the 
canal  runs  along  the  bank  of  the  river,  3  miles,  to 
Buffalo. 

Buffalo  is  a  beautiful,  flourishing  village,  at 
the  outlet  of  Lake  Erie,  possessing  the  two-fold 
advantages  of  a  lake  and  canal  navigation.  The 
time  is  not  far  distant  when  it  will  rank  as  one  of 
the  principal  places  in  the  state.  As  a  point  for 
the  concourse  of  strangers  and  voyagers,  passing 
to  and  fro  for  pleasure  or  business,  Buffalo  in  the 
summer  season  presents  a  singularly  busy  and 
active  scene.  The  daily  ingress  and  egress  of 
such  persons,  by  canals,  stages,  and  steam-boats, 
would  seem  incredible  for  a  place  of  its  size,  as 
much  for  variety  of  their  origin  and  destination, 
as  for  their  numbers.  All  the  world  in  variety, 
seem  to  be  passing  here.  Besides  the  busy  hum 
and  animating  effect  of  business,  the  love  of  na- 
ture and  of  pleasure  will  ever  keep  their  swarm-' 
ing  devotees  hovering  over  such  a  stupendous  and 
attractive  object,  as  Niagara's  everlasting  cataract. 


-^w,..if»-HMW<m»f, 


WESTERN    ROUTS    FROM    ALBANY. 


57 


and  pro- 
23  miles 
;s  below 
After 
at  Ton- 
12  miles 
ed  along 
es  to  the 

ik  of  the 
contain- 
y  of  this 
Roches- 
3t  of  the 
ate  man- 
y  of  war 
ndid  ap- 
lock  the 
miles,  to 

illage,  at 
two-fold 
>n.  The 
as  one  of 
point  for 
,  passing 
lIo  in  the 
3usy  and 
jgress  of 
mi-boats, 
s  size,  as 
jtination, 
L  variety, 
usy  hum 
ve  of  na- 
r  swarm-' 
dous  and 
cataract. 


Buffalo  seems  to  be  the  principal  place  of  re- 
pose, in  approaching  to  and  receding  from  this 
scene.  And  the  daily  panorama  of  grave  philo- 
sophy, of  beauty,  of  fashion,  and  of  pleasure,  ex- 
hibited here,  as  if  about  to  bend  in  adoration  be- 
fore the  imposing  spectacle  of  the  mighty  waters, 
thundering  from  the  heights  above  into  the  ever 
raging  abyss  below,  or  as  if  returning  satiate  from 
the  deafening  and  ceaseless  roar  of  this  wondrous 
water-fall,  presents  so  shifting  and  variegated  a 
picture  as  never  to  tire  the  lookers-on. 

Its  population  is  about  6,500.  There  are  about 
1000 buildings.  The  Court-house^  in  the  highest 
part  of  Main-street,  and  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
in  the  same  street,  are  very  beautiful  buildings. 
There  are  a  number  of  fine  Hotels  :  among  which 
is  the  Eagle  Tavern.  This  house  ranks  among 
the  best  in  the  Union.  At  the  Farmers'  Inn,  in 
Main-street,  there  is  a  very  good  Livery  Stable, 
kept  by  Mr.  John  Mahon,  who  furnishes  coaches 
for  Lewiston,  the  Falls,  &c.,  "  at  short  notice." 

Stages  leave  Buffalo  every  morning  for  Utica, 
via  Canandaigua,  through  in  three  days,  stopping 
nights ;  and  every  evening,  through  in  two  days, 
going  day  and  night. — Every  day  for  Rochester. 
—Every  morning,  at  6  o'clock,  for  Niagara  Falls, 
(on  the  American  side,)  passing  through  the  vil- 
lages of  Black  Rock  and  Tonnewanta,  distance  23 
miles.  After  remaining  at  the  Falls  2  or  3  hours, 
this  stage  proceeds  to  Fort  Niagara,  passing 
through  Lewiston. — Every  morning,  at  8  o'clock, 
for  Niagara  Falls,  on  the  Canada  side,  passing 
through  Black  Rock,  crosses  the  river  to  Water- 
loo, passes  over  the  Chippewa  battle  ground- 
through  Chippewa  village  to  Niagara  Falls  ;  dis- 
tance 22  miles. 

Stages  leave  Niagara  for  Queenston  and  Fort 
George,  daily,  at  3,  P.  M. 


|!      > 


5& 


TUE   TOURIST. 


't   t 


Steam-boats  leave  Buffalo  every  morning,  at 
8  o'clock,  for  Chippewa  village,  (passing  round 
Grand  Island,)  and  reach  there  about  noon. 
Stages  are  in  readiness  at  this  place  to  convey 
passengers  to  the  Falls.  The  Boats  return  to 
Buffalo  at  7  in  the  evening. — Every  other  day  for 
Detroit,  via  Erie,  Grand  River,  Cleaveland,  and 
Sandusky;  distance  305  miles. — Every  day  for 
Erie,  (Penn.),  via  Dunkirk  and  Portland. 

After  leaving  Buffalo  in  the  stage,  and  passing 
the  village  of  Black  Rock,  the  Niagara  river  is 
crossed  by  a  horse-boat,  and  the  traveller  arrives 
at  the  small  village  of  Waterloo,  on  the  Cana- 
da side ;  near  which  are  the  ruins  of  the  memora- 
ble Fort  Erie.  This  place  is  celebrated  as  the 
theatre  of  several  severe  battles  during  the  last 
war.  After  passing  15  miles  farther,  over  a 
sandy,  though  very  good  road,  the  tourist  arrives 
at  Chippewa  battle  ground.  The  battle  of  Chip- 
pewa, probably  one  of  the  most  brilliant  actions 
recorded  in  the  annals  of  war,  was  fought  on  the 
5th  of  July,  1814.  One  mile  north  of  the  battle 
ground,  the  traveller  notices  a  small  cluster  of 
buildings :  this  is  the  village  of  Chippewa. 
There  are  two  or  three  mills  in  the  vicinity,  situ- 
ate on  Chippewa  Creek,  which  runs  through  the 
village.  Ltindy^s  Lane  is  one  mile  farther  north. 
A  sanguinary  battle  was  fought  here  on  the  25th 
of  July,  1814. 

Burning  Spring  is  half  a  mile  north  of  Lun- 
dy's  Lane.  The  spring  is  enclosed  by  a  small 
building.  A  barrel  is  placed  over  the  spring, 
which  has  a  cover  with  a  tube  in  it,  through 
which  the  gas  (sulphurated  hydrogen)  escapes : 
when  a  light  is  applied,  it  ignites  and  burns  bril- 
liantly. The  keeper  of  the  spring  requires  a  small 
fee  from  visiters.  Half  a  mile  north  of  this  spring 
are  the  celebrated 


WESTERN  ROUTE  FROM  ALBANY. 


59 


ning,  at 

g  round 
it  noon. 
)  convey 
eturn  to 
r  day  for 
and,  and 

day   for 
d. 
d  passing 

river  is 
er  arrives 
the  Cana- 
5  memora- 
ed  as  the 
ig  the  last 
r,  over  a 
ist  arrives 
e  of  Chip- 
int  actions 
^ht  on  the 

the  battle 
cluster  of 
Jhippewa. 
linity,  situ- 
lirough  the 
•ther  north. 
)n  the  25th 

rth  of  Lun- 
3y  a  small 
the  spring, 
it,  through 
n)  escapes : 
burns  bril- 
ires  a  small 
•  this  spring 


Niagara  Falls.  These  Falls  are  situated  be- 
low Grand  Island,  on  the  Niagara  River,  about  20 
miles  from  Lake  Erie,  and  14  miles  from  Lake 
Ontario.  This  river  unites  the  waters  of  these 
two  lakes,  and  is  from  li  to  6  miles  in  width. 
Above  the  Falls,  the  banks  are  from  4  to  100  feet 
in  height,  and,  immediately  below,  not  less  than 
300.  They  gradually  diminish  in  height  until 
they  reach  the  shores  of  Lake  Ontario.  The  river 
at  the  Falls  is  about  one  mile  in  width  ;  the  cata- 
ract pours  over  a  conr*-  e  summit,  and  falls  (on 
the  American  sii'  aii.  =<t  perpendicul  r'"'  164 
feet.  The  horse-snoe  fan  (on  the  Canaud  side) 
descends,  in  a  curved  form,  projecting  about  50 
feet  from  its  base,  to  the  distance  of  158  feet.  The 
descent  of  the  rapids  above  the  falls  about  58  feet, 
making  the  whole  height  over  200  feet.  Table 
Rock,  which  projects  about  50  feet,  is  generally 
considered  the  most  eligible  place  for  viewing  the 
Falls  on  the  Canada  side.  The  descent  from  the 
rock  is  by  circular  steps,  which  are  enclosed  ;  at 
the  foot  of  these  stairs  commences  the  passage 
under  the  great  sheet  of  water,  where  visitants 
are  supplied  with  dresses  and  a  guide.  The  far- 
thest approachable  distance  is  Termination  JRock, 
153  feet  from  Table  Rock. 

An  English  writer,  in  speaking  of  this  passage 
says,  "We  reached  a  spot  153  feet  from  the  out- 
side, or  entrance,  by  the  assistance  of  a  guide, 
who  makes  a  handsome  livelihood  by  this  amphi- 
bious pilotage.  There  was  a  tolerably  good,  green 
sort  of  light  within  this  singular  cavern ;  but  the 
wind  blew  at  first  in  one  direction,  then  in  ano- 
ther, with  such  alarming  violence,  that  I  thought, 
at  first,  we  should  be  fairly  carried  off  our  feet, 
and  jerked  into  the  roaring  caldron  beneath.  This 
tempest,  however,  was  not  nearly  so  great  an  in- 
convenience as  the  unceasing  deluges  of  water 


60 


THK    TOURIST. 


driven  against  us.  Fortunately,  the  direction  of 
this  gale  of  wind  was  always  more  or  less  up- 
wards, from  the  Pool  below,  right  against  the  face 
of  the  cliffs  J  were  it  otherwise,  I  fancy  it  would 
be  impossible  to  go  behind  the  Falls  with  any 
chance  of  coming  out  again.  Even  now  there  is 
a  great  appearance  of  hazard  in  the  expedition, 
though  experience  shows  tliat  there  is  no  real 
danger.  Indeed,  the  guide,  to  re-assure  us,  and  to 
prove  the  difficulty  of  the  descent,  actually  leaped 
downwards  to  the  distance  of  five  or  six  yards, 
from  the  top  of  the  bank  of  rubbish  at  the  base  of 
the  Cliff,  along  which  the  path  is  formed.  The 
gusts  of  wind  rising  out  of  the  basin  or  pool  be- 
low blew  so  violently  against  him  that  he  easily 
regained  the  wdk." 

Forsyth's  Hotel,  on  the  Canada  side,  is  situated 
on  a  commanding  spot  above  the  falls.  The 
visiter  has  a  beautiful  view  of  the  surrounding 
country  from  the  roof  or  piazzas.  It  is  a  hand- 
some building,  and  is  capable  of  accommodating 
over  100  persons. 

The  Falls  on  the  American  side,  are  magnifi- 
cent and  sublime,  though  of  less  magnitude  than 
those  on  the  British  side.— A  flight  of  stairs  has^ 
been  erected  from  the  bank  to  the  bottom,  a  few 
rods  below  the  falls.  A  bridge  has  been  erected, 
by  Gen.  P.  B.  Porter,  of  Black  Rock,  from  tlic 
shore  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  above  the  Falls,  to 
Bath  Island ;  which  is  connected  to  Goat  Island 
by  means  of  another  bridge.  There  is  a  splendid 
view  of  the  rapids  above  and  of  the  grand  fall  on 
the  Canada  side  from  Goat  Island;  which  is 
principally  a  wilderness. 

Iris  Island,  near  Goat  Island.  At  the  foot  of 
this  island  is  what  is  called  the  Biddle  stairway, 
erected  by  N.  Biddle,  Esq.,  President  of  the  U.  S. 
Bank.    Here  Sam  Patch  made  a  leap  of  118  feet 


II  iiintirtii'tiimniiiirii--.^. 


WESTERN   EOCTK   mOM   ALBANY. 


61 


Bction  of 

less  up- 

t  the  face 

it  would 

with  any 

there  is 

[pedition, 

no  real 

us,  and  to 

ly  leaped 

jix  yards, 

he  base  of 

led.    The 

>r  pool  be- 

t  he  easily 

is  situated 

ills.     The 

irrounding 

is  a  hand- 

mmodatin§ 

ire  magnifi- 
nitude  than 
f  stairs  has^ 
ttom,  a  few 
3en  erected. 
:,  from  tlic 
the  Falls,  to 
Goat  Island 
s  a  splendid 
rand  fall  on 
;   which  is 

t  the  foot  of 
U  stairway^ 
t  of  the  U.  S. 
I  of  118  feet 


descent  into  the  water  below ;  a  platform  support- 
ed by  ladders  was  erected  for  the  purpose.  This 
was  in  the  fall  of  1829,  a  short  time  previous  to 
his  last  fatal  jump  at  Rochester.  A  celebrated 
tourist  says,  "  All  parts  of  Niagara  are  on  a  scale 
which  baffles  every  attempt  of  the  imagination  to 
paint,  and  it  were  ridiculous,  therefore,  to  think 
of  describing  it.  The  ordinary  materials  of  de- 
scription, I  mean  analogy,  and  direct  comparison 
with  things  which  are  more  accessible,  fail  entire- 
ly in  the  case  of  that  amazing  cataract,  which  is 
altogether  unique."  And  we,  fully  concurring  in 
his  opinion,  leave  all  farther  description  for  the 
imagmation  of  the  tourist.  Two  fine  Hotels  are 
located  on  the  American  side,  in  what  is  called  the 
village  of  Manchester.  This  village  was  burnt  by 
the  British,  in  1813. 


x-*-' 


y*^"^ 


/"Xh^"' 


m^' 


'i..> 


■/' 


62 


THE    TOURIST. 


i.   ., 


'/ 


'•»■ 


ROUTE  FROM  ALBANY  TO  BALLSTON 
AND  SARATOGA  SPRINGS. 

V  .  .  .   ..••    ...  .  '.  ' :  ■     '"     '    .'.     '     '      ' 

The  traveller  has  merely  to  send  his  name  and 
address  to  the  Stage-office,  and  he  will  be  called 
for  by  the  stage.    At  the  northern  extremity  of 
the  city  is  the  Mansion  House  of  Gen.  Stephen 
Vai  Rensselaer,  who  is  possessed  of  an  immense 
estate,  (extending  10  miles  along  the  river,  and 
nearly  20  east  and  west),  and  bears  the  old  Dutch 
title  of  "  Patroon  of  Albany."    His  liberality  in 
advancing  literature,  agriculture,  and  charitable 
institutions,  is  proverbial,  as  he  contributes  large- 
ly to  all.     Here  the  stage  strikes  the  MacAdain- 
ized  road  J  which  is  just  finished,  between  Troy 
and  Albany.    It  is  six  miles  in  length,  and  cost 
over  l$90,000.     After  travelling  five  miles  upon 
this  delightful  road,  you  arrive  at  the  U.  S.  Arse- 
nal, located  in  a  most  eligible  situation  on  the 
west  bank  of  the  Hudson.     The  buildings  are 
constructed  of  brick  and  stone.    From  the  arsenal 
to  the  upper  ferry  is  a  continued  range  of  houses 
divided  into  three  villages,  viz. :  Watervliet,  Port 
Schuyler,  and  West  Troy ;  but  where  the  lines 
of  distinction  between  these  places  are  drawn  it  is 
difficult  to  tell.    There  are  two  routes  hence  to 
Waterford  ;  one  leading  through  Troy  and  Lan- 
singburgh,  and  the  other  by  the  junction  of  the 
Erie  and  Northern   Canals  and  Cohoes  Falls, 
which  are  worthy  of  a  visit.    The  traveller  can 
pass  over  both  routes  in  going  to  and  returning 
from  the  Springs.     In  pursuing  the   Troy  and 
Lansinghurgh  route,  the  stage  crosses  the  Hud- 
son in  a  horse-boat  from  West  Troy  to  the  city  of 
Troy. 


nn 
frc 
b]( 
tec 

is 
til 
edi 


*  ! 


.LSTON 

'  - .     , 

name  and 

be  called 

remity  of 

Stephen 

,  immense 

river,  and 

old  Dutch 

berality  in 

charitable 

utes  large- 

MacAdam- 

yeen  Troy 

1,  and  cost 

miles  upon 

a.  s.  arse- 

tion  on  the 
ildings  are 
the  arsenal 
e  of  houses 
jrvliet,  Port 
e  the  lines 
drawn  it  is 
es  hence  to 
y  and  Lan- 
;tion  of  the 
ioes  Falls, 
raveller  can 
id  returning 
}  Troy  and 
ies  the  Hud- 
o  the  city  of 


ROUTE  FROM  ALBANY  TO  THE  SPRINGS. 


63 


The  City  of  Troy  is  located  on  the  eastern 
bank  of  the  Hudson,  and  the  scenery  in  the  vici- 
nity is  remarkable  for  its  beauty,  presenting  on 
all  hands  the  alternation  of  hill  and  vale,  covered 
with  refreshing  verdure,  and  the  indications  of  a 
fertile  soil.  The  streets  in  the  city  cross  at  right 
angles,  running  east  and  west,  and  north  and  south. 
The  buildings  are  many  of  them  elegant,  and  gen- 
erally of  brick  ;  and  in  some  streets  are  shaded  by 
trees  on  each  side.  Among  them  are  three  banks, 
7  churches,  a  court-house,  jail,  and  market.  The 
most  splendid  are  the  Episcopal  Church,  (a  beau- 
tiful specimen  of  Gothic  architecture),  the  Court- 
house, a  very  fine  building ;  the  Merchants'  and 
Mechanics'  Bank,  and  the  Farmers'  Bank,  adjoin- 
ing each  other,  both  built  of  freestone,  are  very 
respectable  buildings.  The  Troy  Female  Semi- 
nary, under  the  superintendence  of  Mrs.  Willard, 
occupies  a  large  three  story  brick  building  belong- 
ing to  the  Corporation.  A  canal  packet  boat 
leaves  here  daily  at  9  o'clock,  for  Whitehall,  and 
runs  through  in  about  22  hours. 

Mount  Ida  is  in  the  rear  of  Troy.  From  the 
summit  of  this  hill  there  is  a  beautiful  view  of  the 
river  and  surrounding  country. 

The  Rensselaer  School  is  one  and  a  half  miles 
north  of  Troy.  It  is  in  a  flourishing  condition, 
and  was  established  under  the  patronage  of  Gen. 
Stephen  Van  Rensselaer. 

Lansingburgh  consists  of  one  long  street,  run- 
ning parallel  with  the  river.  It  is  three  miles 
from  Troy.  It  was  formerly  a  place  of  considera- 
ble business,  but  it  has  now  a  somewhat  dilapida- 
ted appearance.  The  far-famed  "  diamond  rock  " 
is  on  a  hill  in  the  rear  of  the  village.  It  has  at 
times  a  very  brilliant  appearance  from  the  reflect- 
ed rays  of  the  sun.  One  mile  north,  a  very 
staimch  bridge  crosses  the  river  to  the  village  of 


64 


TUB  TOCRUT. 


Wat£rford.  This  is  an  important  village,  lo- 
cated at  the  confluence  of  the  Mohawk  and  Hud- 
son :  the  Northern  Canal  communicates  with  the 
river  at  this  place,  which  gives  it  many  advanta- 
ges for  trade.  It  has  a  population  of  1700.  There 
is  a  fine  hotel  kept  at  Waterford  by  Mr.  Demarest, 
and  another  by  Mr.  Fisk. 

The  Route  by  the  janctionof  the  Canals,  and 
the  Cohoes  Falls,  from  West  Troy  to  Waterford, 
is  about  the  same  distance  as  by  Troy.  (4  miles). 
From  West  Troy  to  the  junction  of  the  Erie  and 
Northern  Canals,  is  2  miles.  There  are  17  locks  on 
the  canal  at  this  place,  within  the  space  of  three- 
fourths  of  a  mile.  About  a  mile  farther,  a  bridge 
crosses  the  Mohawk  rivtr  and  affords  a  fine  view 
of  the 

CoHOEs  Falls,  which  are  about  a  mile  above 
the  bridge.  The  descent  of  the  rapids  above  the 
falls  is  about  30  feet,  and  the  perpendicular  fall  is 
40  feet,  making  a  total  descent  of  70  feet.  There 
is  a  path  by  which  persons  approach  within  a  few 
feet  of  the  precipice  over  which  the  cataract  falls. 
It  is  one  mile  from  the  Cohoes  to  Waterford,  and 
8  miles  farther  north  to 

Mechanic viLLE,  generally  called,  by  the  inha- 
bitants, the  Borough.  It  contains  about  20  dwell- 
ings, a  cotton  factory,  and  a  number  of  mills. 

Dunning'Street  is  8  miles  north-west  of  Me- 
chanicville,  containing  a  few  dwellings,  two  tav- 
erns, and  a  store.  It  derived  its  name  from  a 
family,  who  were  the  first  settlers,  and  still  reside 
there.  Four  miles  thence,  in  a  north-westerly 
direction,  is  the  Ballston  Spa,  and  Saratoga 
Springs  are  8  miles  north.  A  road  goes  from 
here  direct  to  Saratoga,  which  is  3  miles  nearer 
than  by  way  of  Ballston  Spa. 

Ballston  Spa  is  the  resort  of  hundreds  of  tra- 
vellers during  the  summer  months.     There  are  a 


ROUTE    FROM    ALBANY   TO   TIIK    SPRINGS. 


65 


illage,  lo- 
and  Hud' 
I  with  the 
advanta- 
K).  There 
Demarest, 

anals,  and 
Waterford, 

(4  miles). 

Erie  and 
17  locks  on 
!e  of  three- 
er,  a  bridge 
a  fine  view 

mile  above 
s  above  the 
iicular  fall  is 
feet.  There 
ivithiu  a  few 
ataract  falls, 
iterford,  and 

by  the  inha- 
Dut20  dwell- 
of  mills, 
west  of  Me- 
ngs,  two  tav- 
lame  from  a 
nd  still  reside 
3rth-westerly 
id  Saratoga 
id  goes  from 
miles  nearer 

ndreds  of  tra- 
There  are  a 


nmnber  of  springs  in  the  vicinity,  the  waters  of 
which  are  not  unlike  those  of  Saratoga.  A  beau- 
tiful creek  flows  along  the  east  end  of  the  village, 
called  the  Kayaderosseras,  on  which  a  mill  is 
situated  u  short  distance  from  the  village.  This 
creek  is  a  great  resort  for  sportsmen,  particular- 
ly those  who  dehght  to  sit  on  the  bank  of  a  mean- 
dering brook, 

"  And  from  their  depths,  delude  the  spotted  fry." 

Two  of  the  springs  are  near  Mr.  Aldridgt's 
Boarding  House  j  and  the  U.S.  spring  is  at  the  east 
end  of  the  village,  near  the  Sans  Souci  Hotel.  A 
large  bathing  house  is  located  near  this  spring, 
which  is  furnished  with  waters  (for  the  piii poses  of 
bathing)from  all  the  different  springs  in  the  vicinity. 
There  is  in  the  village,  a  Court-house,  two  churches, 
an  academy,  and  a  female  seminary ;  also  a  prin;> 
ing-office  and  bookstore,  to  which  a  reading  room 
is  attached.  This  village  was  chartered  in  1807, 
and  is  directed  by  three  trustees,  who  are  chofoii 
annually.  Its  population  is  about  800,  and  it  con- 
tains 130  houses.     The  principal  Hotels  are 

The  Sans  Souci,  kept  by  Mr.  Loomis ;  this  is 
the  most  extensive,  and  has  more  company  than 
any  other  house.  It  is  3  stories  high,  160  feet  in 
length,  with  two  back  wings  of  150  feet,  and  capa- 
ble of  accommodating  over  100  persons.  There 
is  a  large  garden  attached  to  it. 

Aldridge^s  Boarding  House  has  a  more  re- 
tired location,  and  receives  a  good  share  of  patron- 
age. There  is  an  extensive  and  beaafml  garden 
connected  with  this  establishment,  vv'hich  is  al- 
ways open  to  the  guests. 

The  Village  Hotel,  kept  by  Mr.  Clark,  is  a  few 
doors  from  the  Sans  Souci,  and  is  a  very  agreea- 
ble boarding-house. 

The  Mansion  House,  in  the  centre  of  the  vil- 
lage, is  well  kept  by  Mr.  Kid. 

6* 


66 


vnn  TouitisT. 


N 


'%... 


%:. 


Mrs.  M^Master^s  private  hoarding-houae  i« 
near  the  west  spring  on  the  flat.  Those  who  wish 
a  retired  situation  will  be  pleased  with  this  house. 

A  regular  mail  arrives  and  departs  every  day. 
Strangers  should  be  particular  to  have  their  letters 
directed  "  Ballston  Spa,"  as  there  is  another  post- 
oflice  in  the  town  of  Ballston. 

Ballston  Lake  is  six  miles  from  the  village, 
and  a  ride  to  its  banks  affords  a  very  pleasant 
excursion.  It  is  5  miles  long  and  one  in  width. 
Hunting  and  Ashing  abound  on  the  borders  and  in 
the  waters  of  this  lake. 

Saratoga  Springs  are  situated  7  miles  from 
Ballston  jpa,  in  a  north-easterly  direction.  The 
celebrity  of  these  springs,  not  only  for  their  medi- 
cinal qualities,  but  as  a  fashionable  resort  during 
the  summer  months,  renders  any  minuteness  of 
detail  unnecessary,  were  it  not  incompatible  with 
the  objects  and  dimensions  of  this  work.  The 
springs  are  numerous,  and  among  the  most  cele- 
brated are  the  Congress,  Hamilton,  High-Rock, 
Columbian,  Washington,  President,  and  Flat- 
Rock.  They  lie  east  of  the  village,  on  the  bor- 
ders of  a  valley.  The  "Congress  spring  is  the 
most  important,  and  has  the  best  accommodations 
for  visiters.  The  High-Rock  spring,  so  called 
from  its  being  enclosed  in  a  rock  of  a  conical 
shape,  five  feet  in  height,  over  the  sides  of  which 
it  formerly  flowed,  is  nearly  half  a  mile  from  the 
Congress  spring.  The  water  in  the  former  now 
rises  only  to  within  two  feet  of  the  summit  of  the 
rock,  and  from  this  circumstance  it  is  conjectured, 
probably  with  correctness,  that  it  has  found  an 
outlet  beneath  its  base.  Commodious  bathing 
houses  are  established  at  the  Washington,  Hamil- 
ton, and  Monroe  springs.  A  Library  and  a  suit 
of  Reading  Rooms  are  connected  with  a  bookstore 
in  the  village.    They  are  conveniently  arranged, 


c| 
ll 


EOUTI  PROM  ALBANY  TO  TUK  MPRIN08. 


67 


iouae  is 
vho  wish 
is  house, 
ery  day. 
ir  letters 
her  post- 

le  village, 
pleasant 
in  width, 
ers  and  in 

lies  from 
ion.    The 
heir  medi- 
)rt  during 
lUteness  of 
titible  with 
rork.    The 
most  cele- 
aigh-Rock, 
and    Flat- 
on  the  bor- 
ring  is  the 
nmodations 
,  so  called 
r  a  conical 
5s  of  which 
le  from  the 
former  now 
mmit  of  the 
jonjectured, 
IS  found  an 
)us  bathing 
ton,  Haroil- 
and  a  suit 
a  bookstore 
y  arranged, 


and  well  furnished  with  periodicals,  newspapers, 
maps,  &c.  A  mineralogical  collection  is  also  at- 
tached to  this  establishment,  containing  a  variety 
of  specimens,  both  European  and  American,  and 
all  those  discovered  in  the  neighbourhood.  A 
book  is  also  kept  here,  in  which  the  names  of 
visiters  to  the  Springs  are  registered.  The  pub- 
lic houses  here  are  conducted  on  an  extensive 
scale,  and  equal,  in  elegance  and  the  accommoda- 
tions afforded  the  traveller,  to  the  hotels  of  our 
largest  cities.  Congress  Hall^  kept  by  Mr.  J. 
Westcott,  is  located  in  the  near  vicinity  of  the 
Congress  spring.  Its  dimensions  are  large,  its 
situation  eligible,  and  a  shaded  avenue  commu- 
nicates with  the  spring ;  and  it  can  accommodate 
about  two  hundred  persons.  The  United  States^ 
Hotel  is  situated  in  the  centre  of  the  village,  and 
being  four  stories  in  height,  has  a  very  imposing 
appearance.  Other  buildings  have  been  added  to 
the  main  one.  This  establishment  is  partly  sur- 
rounded by  grounds,  laid  out  in  a  tasteful  manner, 
and  shaded  by  flourishing  trees.  It  is  a  splendid 
house,  and  admirably  kept  by  Mr.  J.  M.  Marvin. 
The  Pavilion  is  next  in  importance.  It  is  built 
of  wood,  and  ornamented  with  colonnades  in  front 
of  very  chaste  architecture.  It  is  near  the  Flat- 
Rock  spring  is  conveniently  arranged,  and  can  ac- 
commodate nearly  one  hundred  and  fifty  visiters. 
Its  proprietor  is  Mr.  J.  C.  Dillon.  The  Union 
Hall  is  also  an  extensive  and  commodious  hotel. 
It  is  situated  opposite  Congress  Hall,  is  three  stories 
high,  and  has  a  spacious  piazza  in  front,  supported 
by  ten  lofty  pillars.  The  grounds  connected  with 
this  house  are  laid  out  with  taste.  Its  internal  ar- 
rangements are  convenient,  and  its  landlord,  Mr. 
W,  Putnam,  thoroughly  understands  the  art  of 
making  his  guests  comfortable.  The  Columbian 
Hotel,  situated  near  the  Pavilion,  in  the  midst  of 


I  i' 


U  t 


If'  '" 


68 


THE    TOURIST. 


H 


gardens,  is  also  a  good  house,  and  will  not  lose  by 
comparison  with  its  rivals.  It  is  kept  by  Mr. 
Williams.  In  a  more  retired  position,  is  Wash- 
ington  Hall,  of  which  Mr.  I.  Taylor  is  proprietor ; 
pleasantly  situated  at  the  north  part  of  the  village, 
where  the  invalid,  and  those  who  do  not  mingle 
with  the  gay  throng,  who  pursue  pleasure  instead 
of  health,  may  be  accommodated  in  the  best  style. 
Amusement  is  always  to  be  found  during  a  sojourn 
here.  Besides  that  which  arises  from  the  contem- 
plation of  the  various  shades  of  character  with 
which  the  crowded  scene  is  enlivened,  the  library, 
the  reading  rooms,  the  billiard  rooms,  and  dancing, 
which  seems  to  prevail  among  the  fashionable  in- 
valids, afford  all  the  opportunities  for  killing  Time 
— that  arch  enemy — which  could  be  desired. 
There  are  also  ponds  in  the  vicinity,  where  the 
angler  can  realize  all  the  pleasures  so  philosophi- 
cally described  by  honest  Isaac  Walton :  and  true 
enjoymont  certainly  consists  in  a  privilege 

**  To  walk,  ride,  sit,  or  sleep,  at  one's  own  ease, 
And  please  a  man's  self,  none  other  to  displease," 

Excursions  of  a  few  miles  to  Saratoga  Lake 
are  frequently  made,  where  the  visiter  can  spend 
his  time  in  trout-fishing  or  shooting,  or  enjoy  a 
sail  along  the  lake,  which  is  nine  miles  in  length, 
in  boats  kept  ready  for  the  purpose.  There  are 
two  pleasant  houses  on  the  western  border  of  the 
lake.  The  mail  from  New- York  arrives  every 
evening,  and  leaves  for  New- York  and  Boston 
every  morning.  Visiters  should  order  their  let- 
ters 10  be  directed  to  the  Saratoga  Springs,  as 
there  is  another  post-office  in  the  town  of  Sarato- 
ga, some  miles  distant,  to  which,  otherwise,  they 
may  chance  to  he  sent.  Stages  leave  the  Springs 
at  nine,  A.  M.,  and  three,T.  M.,  daily,  for  Schenec- 
tady, passing  through  Ballston,  South  Ballston, 
and  Burnt  Hills,  to  meet  the  canal  packet  boats  and 


EOUTI    FROM    ALBANY   TO   TUB  SPRXMCHI. 


09 


ol  lose  by 
t  by  Mr. 
is   WasJi- 
roprietor ; 
[he  village, 
not  mingle 
lure  instead 
best  style, 
g  a  sojourn 
he  contem- 
racter  with 
the  library, 
nd  dancing, 
lionable  in- 
illing  Time 
be   desired. 
,  where  the 
philosophi- 
3n:  and  true 
i^ilege 

I  ease, 
please." 

ratoga  Lake 
3r  can  spend 
r,  or  enjoy  a 
^es  in  length, 
There  are 
)order  of  the 
irrives  every 
and  Boston 
ier  their  let- 
Springs,  as 
vn  of  Sarato- 
lerwise,  they 
B  the  Springs 
,  forSchenec- 
uth  Ballston, 
;ket  boats  and 


stages  for  the  west.  Persons  wishing  to  visit 
Schenectady  frequently  take  this  route  in  return- 
ing to  Albany,  which  is  the  same  distance  as  by 
the  way  of  Troy,  (37  miles.)  Stages  are  always 
ready  at  Schenectady  to  convey  passengers  imme- 
diately to  Albany. 


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